标题： 向具有100-mJ级中红外亚周期激光的强单位数阿秒脉冲迈进 显示英文标题

标题： Towards intense single-digit attosecond pulses with a 100-mJ-class mid-infrared sub-cycle laser

摘要： 通过高阶谐波产生创建的孤立阿秒脉冲的持续时间由驱动激光中的光周期数决定。 实现更短的阿秒软X射线脉冲需要最小化周期数同时保持高脉冲能量。 在这里，我们展示了一种载波包络相位稳定的100毫焦级亚周期中红外激光器，该激光器产生具有前所未有的带宽的超连续谱相干软X射线。 该系统在中心波长为2.26$\mu$m处提供50毫焦、6.7飞秒（0.88周期）的脉冲，比任何之前的亚周期激光器的能量高出两个数量级。 我们将该系统应用于高阶谐波产生，并将结果与基于三维时依赖薛定谔方程的模拟进行比较，以识别亚周期激光器的独特特征。 这项工作标志着向高能半周期激光器和高能单位数阿秒软X射线脉冲迈出的关键一步，这些脉冲可用于以前无法达到的时间分辨率下探测物质和光-物质相互作用。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The duration of isolated attosecond pulses created via high-order harmonic generation is determined by the number of optical cycles in the driving laser. Achieving shorter attosecond soft X-ray pulses requires minimizing the number of cycles while maintaining a high pulse energy. Here, we demonstrate a carrier-envelope-phase-stable, 100-mJ-class sub-cycle mid-infrared laser that produces a supercontinuum coherent soft X-ray with unprecedented bandwidth. The system delivers 50-mJ, 6.7-fs (0.88-cycle) pulses at a center wavelength of 2.26 $\mu$m - over two orders of magnitude more energetic than any previous sub-cycle laser. We applied the system to high-order harmonic generation and compared the results to simulations based on the three-dimensional time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation to identify unique features of sub-cycle lasers. This work represents a decisive step toward high-energy half-cycle lasers and high-energy single-digit attosecond soft X-ray pulses that can be used to probe matter and light-matter interactions at previously inaccessible temporal resolutions.