标题： G54.1+0.3超新星遗迹中136毫秒射电和X射线脉冲星的发现 显示英文标题

标题： Discovery of a 136 millisecond radio and X-ray pulsar in SNR G54.1+0.3

摘要： 我们报告了利用阿雷西博射电望远镜对超新星遗迹（SNR）G54.1+0.3的深度观测中发现的一颗周期P = 136毫秒且色散度量为308 pc/cc的脉冲星。对这颗新脉冲星J1930+1852的时间测量显示其特征年龄为Pdt/2dP = 2900年，自旋下降功率为dE/dt = 1.2e37尔格/秒。随后，我们在该SNR的存档ASCA X射线数据中搜索，并检测到一致周期的脉动。这些发现确保了PSR J1930+1852是驱动“蟹状”SNR G54.1+0.3的脉冲星。结合现有的Chandra对SNR的观测，我们得出2-10 keV的X射线脉动分数约为27%。我们还发现脉冲星风星云（PWN）的冷却效率介于Vela和Crab PWNe之间：Lx (2-10 keV) ~0.002 dE/dt。PSR J1930+1852是一个非常弱的射电源，在1180 MHz的周期平均通量密度为60微焦耳/平方米。对于5千帕的距离，其亮度~1毫焦耳/平方千帕，是已知年轻脉冲星中最低的之一。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We report the discovery of a pulsar with period P = 136 ms and dispersion measure 308 pc/cc in a deep observation of the supernova remnant (SNR) G54.1+0.3 with the Arecibo radio telescope. Timing measurements of the new pulsar, J1930+1852, reveal a characteristic age of Pdt/2dP = 2900 yr and spin-down luminosity dE/dt = 1.2e37 erg/s. We have subsequently searched archival ASCA X-ray data of this SNR, and detect pulsations with a consistent period. These findings ensure that PSR J1930+1852 is the pulsar that powers the "Crab-like" SNR G54.1+.3. Together with existing Chandra observations of the SNR, we derive an X-ray pulsed fraction (2-10 keV) of ~27%. We also find that the cooling efficiency of the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) is intermediate between those of the Vela and Crab PWNe: Lx (2-10 keV) ~0.002 dE/dt. PSR J1930+1852 is a very weak radio source, with period-averaged flux density at 1180 MHz of 60 microJy. For a distance of 5 kpc, its luminosity, ~1 mJy kpc^2, is among the lowest for known young pulsars.