标题： 黑洞附近热点发射的冕电子散射 显示英文标题

标题： Coronal Electron Scattering of Hot Spot Emission Around Black Holes

摘要： 利用全广义相对论的蒙特卡洛光线追踪代码，我们计算了从测地线热斑发射器发出的光子穿过环绕黑洞的高温电子冕的输运过程。每条光子轨迹被跟踪直到它要么被黑洞捕获，要么被远处的观测者探测到。该源假定为低能热发射器（\( T_\{\text\{em\}\} \sim 1 \) keV），在大质量测地线测试粒子的静止参考系中各向同性。冕散射有两个主要可观察效应：由于高能电子导致的光子谱的康普顿化，以及每个光子实际上被散射到不同的时间间隔从而对时变光变曲线进行卷积。这两种效应在 Rossi X 射线定时探测器（RXTE）观测到的黑洞双星中的高频准周期振荡（QPO）中清晰可见。这些 QPO 倾向于出现在系统处于陡峭幂律谱态时，并且没有显示出较高谐波频率上有显著功率的证据，这与光变曲线通过多次随机时间延迟而平滑一致。我们提出了模拟的光子谱和光变曲线并与 RXTE 数据进行比较，从而可以推断出冕以及热斑发射器的性质。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Using a Monte Carlo ray-tracing code in full general relativity, we calculate the transport of photons from a geodesic hot spot emitter through a corona of hot electrons surrounding a black hole. Each photon is followed until it is either captured by the black hole or is detected by a distant observer. The source is assumed to be a low-energy thermal emitter (T_em ~ 1 keV), isotropic in the rest frame of a massive geodesic test particle. The coronal scattering has two major observable effects: the Comptonization of the photon spectrum due to the high energy electrons, and the convolution of the time-dependent light curve as each photon is effectively scattered into a different time bin. Both of these effects are clearly present in the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) observations of high frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) seen in black hole binaries. These QPOs tend to occur when the system is in the Steep Power Law spectral state and also show no evidence for significant power at higher harmonic frequencies, consistent with the smoothing out of the light curve by multiple random time delays. We present simulated photon spectra and light curves and compare with RXTE data, allowing us to infer the properties of the corona as well as the hot spot emitter.