标题： 强磁场中的自旋相关回旋衰变率 显示英文标题

标题： Spin-Dependent Cyclotron Decay Rates in Strong Magnetic Fields

摘要： 回旋加速器衰减和吸收率在文献中已有深入研究，主要集中在光谱、角分布和偏振依赖性上。 天体物理应用通常不需要保留电子自旋态的信息，这些信息通常会被平均以获得所需的速率。 在磁场中，高阶量子过程如康普顿散射在回旋加速频率及其谐波处变得共振，且这些共振形式上是发散的。 通常通过考虑激发朗道态的有限寿命来消除这种发散。 这种做法需要使用与自旋相关的回旋加速器速率，以便在非常接近回旋加速共振的相空间域内准确确定过程速率，这对于脉冲星模型的某些应用最为相关。 本文发展了文献中的先前结果，以勒让德第二类函数的级数形式获得了回旋加速器衰减率/宽度的紧凑解析表达式；这些表达式可以在天体物理模型中方便地使用。 这些速率是利用两种流行的本征态公式推导出来的，即索科洛夫和捷尔诺夫的结果，以及约翰逊和利普曼的结果。 它们构成了狄拉克方程的两组本征函数，对不同算符进行对角化，因此得出不同的与自旋相关的回旋加速器速率。 本文展示了索科洛夫和捷尔诺夫公式的吸引人的洛伦兹变换特性，这也是在必须明确保留电子自旋信息时更优选它的另一个原因。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Cyclotron decay and absorption rates have been well studied in the literature, focusing primarily on spectral, angular and polarization dependence. Astrophysical applications usually do not require retention of information on the electron spin state, and these are normally averaged in obtaining the requisite rates. In magnetic fields, higher order quantum processes such as Compton scattering become resonant at the cyclotron frequency and its harmonics, with the resonances being formally divergent. Such divergences are usually eliminated by accounting for the finite lifetimes of excited Landau states. This practice requires the use of spin-dependent cyclotron rates in order to obtain accurate determinations of process rates very near cyclotronic resonances, the phase space domain most relevant for certain applications to pulsar models. This paper develops previous results in the literature to obtain compact analytic expressions for cyclotron decay rates/widths in terms of a series of Legendre functions of the second kind; these expressions can be expediently used in astrophysical models. The rates are derived using two popular eigenstate formalisms, namely that due to Sokolov and Ternov, and that due to Johnson and Lippmann. These constitute two sets of eigenfunctions of the Dirac equation that diagonalize different operators, and accordingly yield different spin-dependent cyclotron rates. This paper illustrates the attractive Lorentz transformation characteristics of the Sokolov and Ternov formulation, which is another reason why it is preferable when electron spin information must be explicitly retained.