标题： 海王星迁移到被搅动的柯伊伯带：模拟与观测的详细比较 显示英文标题

标题： Neptune's Migration into a Stirred-Up Kuiper Belt: A Detailed Comparison of Simulations to Observations

摘要： N体模拟被用来研究海王星向外迁移到柯伊伯带的后果，模拟的最终状态被严格且定量地与观测结果进行比较。 这些模拟证实了Chiang等人（2003年）的研究结果，他们表明海王星迁移到一个先前被搅动的柯伊伯带可以解释在海王星5:2共振中已知振荡的柯伊伯带天体（KBOs）。 我们还发现，在许多其他弱高阶平均运动共振中也可能发生捕获，例如11:6、13:7、13:6、9:4、7:3、12:5、8:3、3:1、7:2以及4:1。 这些共振中更远的一些，例如9:4、7:3、5:2和3:1，也可以在超过50 AU的区域——即传统上称为散盘的相空间区域内捕获粒子到稳定、偏心的轨道中。 事实上，在太阳系年龄范围内仍然存在于所谓的散盘区域中的90%模拟粒子从未与海王星发生近距离遭遇，而是通过海王星共振在迁移时期被推入这些偏心轨道。 这表明观测到的散盘可能并不那么分散。 该模型还只产生了少数几个半人马小行星，它们都起源于柯伊伯带内的海王星平均运动共振。 我们还报告了对带状区域各种子群体（例如共振KBOs、主带和所谓的散盘）丰度和质量的估计，并提供了半人马小行星和海王星特洛伊小行星丰度的上限，以及假设可能居住在a>50 AU区域的KBOs大小和丰度的上限。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Nbody simulations are used to examine the consequences of Neptune's outward migration into the Kuiper Belt, with the simulated endstates being compared rigorously and quantitatively to the observations. These simulations confirm the findings of Chiang et al. (2003), who showed that Neptune's migration into a previously stirred-up Kuiper Belt can account for the Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) known to librate at Neptune's 5:2 resonance. We also find that capture is possible at many other weak, high-order mean motion resonances, such as the 11:6, 13:7, 13:6, 9:4, 7:3, 12:5, 8:3, 3:1, 7:2, and the 4:1. The more distant of these resonances, such as the 9:4, 7:3, 5:2, and the 3:1, can also capture particles in stable, eccentric orbits beyond 50 AU, in the region of phase space conventionally known as the Scattered Disk. Indeed, 90% of the simulated particles that persist over the age of the Solar System in the so-called Scattered Disk zone never had a close encounter with Neptune, but instead were promoted into these eccentric orbits by Neptune's resonances during the migration epoch. This indicates that the observed Scattered Disk might not be so scattered. This model also produced only a handful of Centaurs, all of which originated at Neptune's mean motion resonances in the Kuiper Belt. We also report estimates of the abundances and masses of the Belt's various subpopulations (e.g., the resonant KBOs, the Main Belt, and the so-called Scattered Disk), and also provide upper limits on the abundance of Centaurs and Neptune's Trojans, as well as upper limits on the sizes and abundances of hypothetical KBOs that might inhabit the a>50 AU zone.