标题： 评估暗弱粒子晕方向探测的替代方法 显示英文标题

标题： Assessing Alternatives for Directional Detection of a WIMP Halo

摘要： 直接探测地球上的弱相互作用大质量粒子（WIMP）的未来取决于两个方向：一是新的、灵敏度更高的低本底探测器，能够探测能量沉积；二是具有方向敏感性的探测器。 前者可以使用经过充分验证的技术来覆盖广泛的WIMP参数空间，而后者可能是必要的，如果我们要区分粒子物理参数和天体物理晕参数的话。 由于构建方向性探测器相当困难，因此提前探索一般情况下哪些实验特性能在最低成本下带来最大的收益是值得的。 我们研究了具有不同角度跟踪分辨率的方向性探测器的灵敏度，包括能否区分前向与后向反冲，并将其与投影到二维平面上的探测器的灵敏度进行了比较。 无论放置在地球上的哪个位置，后者都能被定向以产生比没有这种能力的三维探测器更好的信号分辨效果，并且其灵敏度与完整的三维跟踪探测器相差不到两倍。 为了区分简单等温晕模型下的信号与背景所需的事件率，在最理想的情况下从十几起到最差情况下可能达到数千起。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The future of direct terrestrial WIMP detection lies on two fronts: new, much larger low background detectors sensitive to energy deposition, and detectors with directional sensitivity. The former can large range of WIMP parameter space using well tested technology while the latter may be necessary if one is to disentangle particle physics parameters from astrophysical halo parameters. Because directional detectors will be quite difficult to construct it is worthwhile exploring in advance generally which experimental features will yield the greatest benefits at the lowest costs. We examine the sensitivity of directional detectors with varying angular tracking resolution with and without the ability to distinguish forward versus backward recoils, and compare these to the sensitivity of a detector where the track is projected onto a two-dimensional plane. The latter detector regardless of where it is placed on the Earth, can be oriented to produce a significantly better discrimination signal than a 3D detector without this capability, and with sensitivity within a factor of 2 of a full 3D tracking detector. Required event rates to distinguish signals from backgrounds for a simple isothermal halo range from the low teens in the best case to many thousands in the worst.