标题： 脉冲星和夸克星 显示英文标题

标题： Pulsars and quark stars

摘要： 脉动星类恒星家族的成员可以通过它们的不同表现形式来区分，即射电脉动星、吸积驱动的X射线脉动星、X射线暴、反常X射线脉动星/软伽马射线重复源、紧凑中心天体以及暗弱热核星。 尽管人们通常认为这些恒星是普通的中子星，但它们究竟是中子星还是夸克星仍是一个未解之谜，因为无论是基于第一性原理的理论研究还是观测数据，都没有确凿的工作能够证实Baade-Zwicky最初提出的超新星产生中子星的观点。 在简要介绍脉动星和夸克星的历史之后，作者总结了他所在脉动星研究小组的最新成果，包括低温夸克物质现象学、固态脉动星的星震、低质量夸克星以及脉动星磁层活动。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Members of the family of pulsar-like stars are distinguished by their different manifestations observed, i.e., radio pulsars, accretion-driven X-ray pulsars, X-ray bursts, anomalous X-ray pulsars/soft gamma-ray repeaters, compact center objects, and dim thermal neutron stars. Though one may conventionally think that these stars are normal neutron stars, it is still an open issue whether they are actually neutron stars or quark stars, as no convincing work, either theoretical from first principles or observational, has confirmed Baade-Zwicky's original idea that supernovae produce neutron stars. After introducing briefly the history of pulsars and quark stars, the author summarizes the recent achievements in his pulsar group, including quark matter phenomenology at low temperature, starquakes of solid pulsars, low-mass quark stars, and the pulsar magnetospheric activities.