标题： 暗物质中性粒子在恒星坍缩中的作用：能量/轻子数输运的改变和超新星爆炸增强机制 显示英文标题

标题： Dark matter sterile neutrinos in stellar collapse: alteration of energy/lepton number transport and a mechanism for supernova explosion enhancement

摘要： 我们研究在前超新星恒星铁核心坍缩中的$\nu_e \rightleftharpoons \nu_s$通道中，物质增强的Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) 活性-惰性中微子转换。 对于惰性中微子静止质量$m_s$和真空混合角$\theta$（具体为$0.5 {\rm keV}< m_s<10 {\rm keV}$和$\sin^22\theta> 5\times{10}^{-12}$）的值，这些值包括可行的惰性中微子暗物质所需的值，我们的单区下落阶段坍缩计算显示核心轻子分数显著减少。 这将导致一个较小的同源核心，因此初始冲击能量较小，不利于成功的冲击波再加热和爆炸前景。 然而，这些计算也表明MSW共振能量可以在核心中心和表面之间出现一个最小值。 由此，这表明存在一种后核心反弹机制，以增强核心表面的中微子输运和中微子光度，从而增强冲击波再加热：(1) 在核心深处发生散射诱导或相干MSW$\nu_e\to\nu_s$转换，在第一个MSW共振处，$\nu_e$能量较大（$\sim 150$MeV）；(2) 高能$\nu_s$以接近光速向外流动；(3) 它们在遇到位于原中子星表面下方的第二个MSW共振$\nu_s\to\nu_e$时释放其能量。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We investigate matter-enhanced Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) active-sterile neutrino conversion in the $\nu_e \rightleftharpoons \nu_s$ channel in the collapse of the iron core of a pre-supernova star. For values of sterile neutrino rest mass $m_s$ and vacuum mixing angle $\theta$ (specifically, $0.5 {\rm keV}< m_s<10 {\rm keV}$ and $\sin^22\theta> 5\times{10}^{-12}$) which include those required for viable sterile neutrino dark matter, our one-zone in-fall phase collapse calculations show a significant reduction in core lepton fraction. This would result in a smaller homologous core and therefore a smaller initial shock energy, disfavoring successful shock re-heating and the prospects for an explosion. However, these calculations also suggest that the MSW resonance energy can exhibit a minimum located between the center and surface of the core. In turn, this suggests a post-core-bounce mechanism to enhance neutrino transport and neutrino luminosities at the core surface and thereby augment shock re-heating: (1) scattering-induced or coherent MSW $\nu_e\to\nu_s$ conversion occurs deep in the core, at the first MSW resonance, where $\nu_e$ energies are large ($\sim 150$ MeV); (2) the high energy $\nu_s$ stream outward at near light speed; (3) they deposit their energy when they encounter the second MSW resonance $\nu_s\to\nu_e$ just below the proto-neutron star surface.