标题： 伽马射线暴的长与短 显示英文标题

标题： The Long and the Short of Gamma-Ray Bursts

摘要： 我们从3B目录中提供的证据表明，长($T_{90} > 10$ s)和短($T_{90} < 10$ s)伽马射线暴代表不同的源群体。它们的空间分布显著不同，长暴具有$\langle V/V_{max} \rangle = 0.282 \pm 0.014$ ，而短暴具有$\langle V/V_{max} \rangle = 0.385 \pm 0.019$ ，差异为$0.103 \pm 0.024$ ，在$4.3 \sigma$ 水平上具有显著性。长暴和短暴在光谱行为上也存在定性差异，短暴在BATSE(50--300 KeV)波段更硬，而长暴更可能在光子能量>1 MeV时被探测到。这表明长暴和短暴有不同的空间起源和物理过程。长暴可能由吸积诱发的坍缩解释。短暴需要另一种机制，我们认为可能是中子星碰撞。这些碰撞能够产生持续时间短至几毫秒的中微子爆发，与观测到的最短时间尺度一致。我们简要研究了可能发生中子星碰撞的集群参数，并讨论了被抛出和加速物质的核演化。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We report evidence from the 3B Catalogue that long ($T_{90} > 10$ s) and short ($T_{90} < 10$ s) gamma-ray bursts represent distinct source populations. Their spatial distributions are significantly different, with long bursts having $\langle V/V_{max} \rangle = 0.282 \pm 0.014$ but short bursts having $\langle V/V_{max} \rangle = 0.385 \pm 0.019$, differing by $0.103 \pm 0.024$, significant at the $4.3 \sigma$ level. Long and short bursts also differ qualitatively in their spectral behavior, with short bursts harder in the BATSE (50--300 KeV) band, but long bursts more likely to be detected at photon energies > 1 MeV. This implies different spatial origin and physical processes for long and short bursts. Long bursts may be explained by accretion-induced collapse. Short bursts require another mechanism, for which we suggest neutron star collisions. These are capable of producing neutrino bursts as short as a few ms, consistent with the shortest observed time scales in GRB. We briefly investigate the parameters of clusters in which neutron star collisons may occur, and discuss the nuclear evolution of expelled and accelerated matter.