标题： 各向异性观测在非线性不均匀宇宙中的研究 显示英文标题

标题： Anisotropic Observations in Universes with Nonlinear Inhomogeneity

摘要： 我们计算了球对称尘埃宇宙中偏离中心的观测关系，该宇宙在小红移处是不均匀的。 与通常的模型不同，通常模型将CMBR（宇宙微波背景辐射）偶极子解释为由于特殊速度引起的多普勒效应，我们的模型探讨了一种替代解释，即CMBR偶极子是非多普勒的，并且观察者与平均物质流共动。 我们没有假设一个相对于其计算特殊速度的背景框架。 我们的分析是完全非线性的，并且密度对比度未被假定为小。 我们获得了哈勃参数和减速参数的精确表达式，并发现这两个参数都具有四极各向异性，但没有偶极子。 提出了一种简单的数值方法来计算我们模型中的CMBR偶极子各向异性，并表明使用合理的参数选择可以重现观测到的0.1%的偶极子。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We calculate the off--center observational relations in a spherically symmetric dust universe that is inhomogeneous at small redshifts. In contrast to the usual model, in which the CMBR dipole is interpreted as a Doppler effect due to peculiar velocity, our model explores an alternative interpretation, in which the CMBR dipole is non--Doppler, and the observer is comoving with the mean matter flow. We do not assume a background frame relative to which peculiar velocities are calculated. Our analysis is fully nonlinear and the density contrast is not assumed to be small. We obtain exact expressions for the Hubble and deceleration parameters, and find that both parameters have quadrupole anisotropies, but no dipoles. A simple numerical procedure for calculating the CMBR dipole anisotropy in our model is presented, and the observed 0.1% dipole is shown to be reproducible with a reasonable choices of parameters.