标题： 时钟速率比较的一般公式 -- 对宇宙和太阳系的应用 显示英文标题

标题： General Formula for Comparison of Clock Rates -- Applications to Cosmos and Solar System

摘要： 在本文中，我们推导出一个相当一般的公式，该公式允许讨论两个不同时空点的钟速率之间的关系。 在扰动的 Robertson-Walker 度规情况下，我们的分析导致了一个用于比较不同宇宙时空点钟速率的方程，该方程包括哈勃红移、多普勒效应、引力红移和 Rees-Sciama 效应。 在太阳系的情况下，当将 2PN 度规代入一般公式时，可以比较地球和空间站上的钟速率。 这可能对未来 ACES 和 ASTROD 的精确测量讨论有帮助。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In this paper we deduce a quite general formula which allows the relation of clock rates at two different space time points to be discussed. In the case of a perturbed Robertson-Walker metric, our analysis leads to an equation for the comparison of clock rates at different cosmic space time points, which includes the Hubble redshift, the Doppler effect, the gravitational redshift and the Rees-Sciama effects. In the case of the solar system, when the 2PN metric is substituted into the general formula, the comparison of the clock rates on both the earth and a space station could be made. It might be useful for the discussion on the precise measurements on future ACES and ASTROD.