标题： 近热辐射在探测器、镜子和黑洞中的研究：一种随机方法 显示英文标题

标题： Near-Thermal Radiation in Detectors, Mirrors and Black Holes: A Stochastic Approach

摘要： 在分析加速观察者（Unruh效应）所经历的热辐射的本质、永恒黑洞（Hawking效应）以及某些类型的宇宙学膨胀时，我们中的一人提出了一种统一的观点，认为这些现象都可以理解为量子场的真空涨落受到指数尺度变换的作用而产生的结果。 这一观点，结合我们最近发展出的粒子-场相互作用的随机理论，该理论被理解为由影响泛函形式描述的量子开放系统，可以用于处理时空仅在渐近意义上存在事件视界或根本不存在事件视界的情况。 这里研究的例子包括仅在渐近意义上或有限时间内以均匀加速度运动的探测器、运动镜以及坍缩质量。 我们表明，在这些系统中确实观察到了辐射，尽管不是精确的黑体谱。 由此产生的偏差由一个参数决定，该参数衡量了偏离均匀加速度或精确指数膨胀的程度。 这些结果预计对于非平衡黑洞热力学以及半经典引力中的反作用问题的线性响应区域的研究将是有用的。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In analyzing the nature of thermal radiance experienced by an accelerated observer (Unruh effect), an eternal black hole (Hawking effect) and in certain types of cosmological expansion, one of us proposed a unifying viewpoint that these can be understood as arising from the vacuum fluctuations of the quantum field being subjected to an exponential scale transformation. This viewpoint, together with our recently developed stochastic theory of particle-field interaction understood as quantum open systems described by the influence functional formalism, can be used to address situations where the spacetime possesses an event horizon only asymptotically, or none at all. Examples studied here include detectors moving at uniform acceleration only asymptotically or for a finite time, a moving mirror, and a collapsing mass. We show that in such systems radiance indeed is observed, albeit not in a precise Planckian spectrum. The deviation therefrom is determined by a parameter which measures the departure from uniform acceleration or from exact exponential expansion. These results are expected to be useful for the investigation of non-equilibrium black hole thermodynamics and the linear response regime of backreaction problems in semiclassical gravity.