标题： 量子过去与历史的效用 显示英文标题

标题： Quantum Pasts and the Utility of History

摘要： 从当前的数据我们可以预测未来并回溯过去。 这些预测和回溯是针对历史——最简单的是事件的时间序列。 量子力学给出了在退相干的替代历史集合中个别历史的概率。 本文讨论了与量子宇宙学中预测和回溯区别相关的几个问题：经典回溯和量子回溯之间的差异，过去的永久性，为什么我们预测未来但记住过去，重建过去（们）的性质和效用，以及历史效用的信息论度量。 （在诺贝尔研讨会：基本量子概念和现象的现代研究上所做的报告， 瑞典吉莫，1997年6月13日至17日） 显示英文摘要

摘要： From data in the present we can predict the future and retrodict the past. These predictions and retrodictions are for histories -- most simply time sequences of events. Quantum mechanics gives probabilities for individual histories in a decoherent set of alternative histories. This paper discusses several issues connected with the distinction between prediction and retrodiction in quantum cosmology: the difference between classical and quantum retrodiction, the permanence of the past, why we predict the future but remember the past, the nature and utility of reconstructing the past(s), and information theoretic measures of the utility of history. (Talk presented at the Nobel Symposium: Modern Studies of Basic Quantum Concepts and Phenomena, Gimo, Sweden, June 13-17, 1997)