标题： 波普尔实现实验中的实在论 显示英文标题

标题： Realism in the Realized Popper's Experiment

摘要： Shih和Kim（1999年发表）实验实现了卡尔·波普尔的实验，得到了他期望的结果：在对纠缠对中的一个光子进行测量时，不会发生“超距作用”于另一个光子。 这一实验结果可以被局部实在论解释：每个光子大多数时间都有确定的位置和横向动量；对一个光子的位置测量（在狭缝内的定位）以一种不可预测的方式干扰了该光子的横向动量，这是符合不确定性原理的；然而，这不会影响另一个光子（未在狭缝内的那个光子），即没有超距作用。 一次位置测量（在一个狭缝内的定位）破坏了光子之间的相干性（纠缠）；即发生了退相干。 这可以从物理上理解为狭缝中的光子与形成狭缝的固体表面中原子的电子之间发生的电磁相互作用。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The realization of Karl Popper's experiment by Shih and Kim (published 1999) produced the result that Popper hoped for: no ``action at a distance'' on one photon of an entangled pair when a measurement is made on the other photon. This experimental result is interpretable in local realistic terms: each photon has a definite position and transverse momentum most of the time; the position measurement on one photon (localization in a slit) disturbs the transverse momentum of that photon in a non-predictable way in accordance with the uncertainty principle; however, there is no effect on the other photon (the photon that is not in a slit) no action at a distance. The position measurement (localization within a slit) of the one photon destroys the coherence (entanglement) between the photons; i.e. decoherence occurs. This can be understood physically as an electromagnetic interaction between the photon in the slit and the electrons of the atoms in the surface of the solid that forms the slit.