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加速器物理

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[1] arXiv:2507.07758 (交叉列表自 physics.acc-ph) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
标题: 单粒子非线性束流动力学
标题: Single-particle Non-linear Beam Dynamics
M. Giovannozzi
主题: 加速器物理 (physics.acc-ph) ; 混沌动力学 (nlin.CD)

在环形粒子加速器中对单粒子动力学的研究可以追溯到20世纪50年代的开创性工作。 传统上,新环形加速器的设计重点在于优化线性动力学,力求最小化非线性效应。 当遇到这些效应时,通常使用适当的校正技术进行处理。 然而,近年来,这种方法经历了重大重新考虑,导致对非线性束流动力学更加积极的看法。 值得注意的是,一些新的概念被提出,以改进非线性束流动力学的描述和建模。 此外,出现了新的建议,利用非线性束流动力学的广泛潜力来增强对带电粒子束特征特性的控制和操控。 本文对所有这些创新方法进行了详细的回顾和讨论。

The investigation of single-particle dynamics in circular particle accelerators can be traced back to pioneering works in the 1950s. Traditionally, the design of new circular accelerators has focused on optimising linear dynamics, striving to minimise non-linear effects. When encountered, these effects were managed using suitable correction techniques. However, in recent years, this methodology has undergone significant reconsideration, leading to a more favourable view of non-linear beam dynamics. Notably, several new concepts have been promoted to improve the description and modelling of non-linear beam dynamics. Furthermore, new proposals have emerged that leverage the extensive potential of non-linear beam dynamics to enhance the control and manipulation of the characteristic features of charged particle beams. This article provides a detailed review and discussion of all these innovative approaches.

[2] arXiv:2507.07827 (交叉列表自 physics.acc-ph) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
标题: 迈向ECRIPAC加速器演示器的里程碑
标题: Milestone toward an ECRIPAC accelerator demonstrator
Andrea Cernuschi (1), Thomas Thuillier (1), Laurent Garrigues (2) ((1) Universite Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, Grenoble, France, (2) Universite de Toulouse, Toulouse INP, CNRS, LAPLACE, Toulouse, France)
评论: 7页,4图,提交至《物理评论快报》
主题: 加速器物理 (physics.acc-ph) ; 等离子体物理 (physics.plasm-ph)

电子回旋共振离子等离子体交流加速器(ECRIPAC)是一种在上世纪九十年代提出的原始加速器概念,用于生成高能脉冲离子束,适用于多种应用。 对该主题的初步研究由于重要的计算错误,导致该主题的文献不完整且有误。 然而,该系统所涉及的简单且已掌握的技术(射频和磁场)以及设备的紧凑性,是进一步研究ECRIPAC的有力动机。 本文全面回顾了ECRIPAC加速器概念的工作原理和物理理论,并对现有文献进行了重要修正,使本工作成为未来研究的合适参考。 本文提出了对离子加速稳定条件的详细理论研究,强调了比之前预期更为严格的限制。 接下来,分析了多个物理参数对加速器设计的影响。 这项研究导致设计了一个紧凑的演示装置,能够在1.8米长的加速腔内将He2+离子加速到每核子9.5 MeV。 最后,利用开发的蒙特卡罗模拟结果来验证ECRIPAC的理论框架,该模拟用于模拟系统内的电子动力学。

The Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Plasma ACcelerator (ECRIPAC) is an original accelerator concept proposed in the nineties for the generation of highly energetic pulsed ion beams, suitable for a wide array of applications. The initial studies on the subject were characterized by an important calculation mistake, leading to an incomplete and erroneous literature on the topic. Nevertheless, the simple and well mastered techniques involved in the system (radio frequency and magnetic field), together with the device compactness, are strong motivations for further studies on ECRIPAC. The working principle and physical theory behind the ECRIPAC accelerator concept are thoroughly reviewed in this paper, incorporating significant corrections to the existing literature on the subject, making this work a suitable reference for future studies. A detailed theoretical investigation of the stability condition for the ion acceleration is presented, highlighting more stringent limitations than previously anticipated. Next, the impact of several physical parameters on the accelerator design is analyzed. This study led to the design of a compact demonstrator device able to accelerate He2+ ions up to 9.5 MeV per nucleon inside a 1.8 m long accelerating cavity. Finally, the results of a Monte-Carlo simulation, developed to model the electron dynamics inside the system, are used to validate the theoretical framework of ECRIPAC.

替换提交 (展示 3 之 3 条目 )

[3] arXiv:2503.09557 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
标题: 从全光学等离子体光电注入器中获得的对撞机质量电子束
标题: Collider-quality electron bunches from an all-optical plasma photoinjector
Arohi Jain, Jiayang Yan, Jacob R. Pierce, Tanner T. Simpson, Mikhail Polyanskiy, William Li, Marcus Babzien, Mark Palmer, Michael Downer, Roman Samulyak, Chan Joshi, Warren B. Mori, John P. Palastro, Navid Vafaei-Najafabadi
主题: 加速器物理 (physics.acc-ph) ; 等离子体物理 (physics.plasm-ph)

我们提出了一种新颖的方法,利用等离子体光电注入器生成符合对撞机质量的电子束。该方法利用了最近开发的激光脉冲时空控制技术,在非线性等离子体波中产生一个移动的电离前沿。移动的电离前沿生成一个电流分布,平衡由电子束驱动的等离子体波的纵向电场,在整个束流中创建均匀的加速电场。对电离阶段的粒子模拟(PIC)显示,形成了一个具有220 pC电荷和低发射度($\epsilon_x = 171$nm-rad,$\epsilon_y = 76$nm-rad)的电子束。准静态PIC模拟的加速阶段显示,该束流在2米内被高效加速到20 GeV,最终能量散布小于1%,发射度为$\epsilon_x = 177$nm-rad和$\epsilon_y = 82$nm-rad。这种高质量的电子束满足了Snowmass过程对中等能量对撞机的要求,并且在束流质量方面优于提出的和现有的加速器设施。这些结果确立了等离子体光电注入器在未来对撞机应用中的可行性,为实现高亮度、紧凑的粒子物理研究加速器迈出了重要一步。

We present a novel approach for generating collider-quality electron bunches using a plasma photoinjector. The approach leverages recently developed techniques for the spatiotemporal control of laser pulses to produce a moving ionization front in a nonlinear plasma wave. The moving ionization front generates an electron bunch with a current profile that balances the longitudinal electric field of an electron beam-driven plasma wave, creating a uniform accelerating field across the bunch. Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of the ionization stage show the formation of an electron bunch with 220 pC charge and low emittance ($\epsilon_x = 171$ nm-rad, $\epsilon_y = 76$ nm-rad). Quasistatic PIC simulations of the acceleration stage show that the bunch is efficiently accelerated to 20 GeV over 2 meters with a final energy spread of less than 1\% and emittances of $\epsilon_x = 177$ nm-rad and $\epsilon_y = 82$ nm-rad. This high-quality electron bunch meets the requirements outlined by the Snowmass process for intermediate-energy colliders and compares favorably to the beam quality of proposed and existing accelerator facilities. The results establish the feasibility of plasma photoinjectors for future collider applications making a significant step towards the realization of high-luminosity, compact accelerators for particle physics research.

[4] arXiv:2504.14909 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
标题: 基于固定磁场交替梯度结构的存储环设计,用于重离子束的随机电荷态转换内部靶装置
标题: Design of a Storage Ring based on a Fixed Field Alternating Gradient Configuration with an Internal Target for Heavy-Ion Beams with Stochastic Charge State Conversions
Yoshihiro Ishi, Tomonori Uesugi, Yoshiharu Mori, Katsuhisa Nishio
评论: 11页,15图
主题: 加速器物理 (physics.acc-ph) ; 核实验 (nucl-ex)

在重离子加速器的一般使用中,加速的束流打在靶上后被送入束流终止器。 为了更有效地利用束流,在所谓的能量回收内部靶(ERIT)框架下提出了通过靶后的束流回收方法。 在ERIT系统中,通过使用射频腔回收靶中损失的能量,使靶在循环束流中受到照射。 到目前为止,这种系统仅在质子束中实现过。 在这里,首次展示了用于重离子束的ERIT系统。 一个具有挑战性的问题是不同原子电荷的全部离子的循环。 一个离子在通过靶后具有平衡电荷态分布的概率,与初始电荷态无关。 这种随机电荷态转换(SCSC)现象会导致束流发射度迅速增长。 为了解决这个问题,我们开发了一种方法,基于缩放固定场交替梯度(FFA)晶格结构,在环中目标位置匹配不同电荷态束流的闭合轨道和贝特atron函数。 我们提出了这种FFA环的设计,并通过完整的6D束流跟踪模拟表明,即使存在SCSC,横向发射度增长也可以得到有效抑制。

In the general use of a heavy-ion accelerator, an accelerated beam impinged on a target is spoiled into a beam dump. To make more efficient use of the beam, recycling of the beam passed through the target is proposed in the framework of the so-called energy recovery internal target (ERIT). In the ERIT system, the target is irradiated inside the circulating beam by recovering the energy lost in the target using rf cavities. So far, such a system has been realized only for proton beams. Here, the ERIT system for heavy-ion beam is demonstrated for the first time. A challenging issue is the circulation of all ions with different atomic charge. An ion has a probability of equilibrated charge state distribution after passing through the target, independent of the initial charge state. This phenomenon of stochastic charge state conversion (SCSC) causes rapid beam-emittance growth. To solve this problem, we developed a method to match the closed orbits and betatron functions of the beams in different charge states at the target location in a ring based on a scaling fixed field alternating gradient (FFA) lattice structure. We present the design of such an FFA ring and show, through full 6D beam tracking simulations, that transverse emittance growth can be effectively suppressed even in the presence of SCSC.

[5] arXiv:2506.21207 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
标题: 基于Luenberger观测器的超导腔带宽和失谐估计
标题: Estimation of superconducting cavity bandwidth and detuning using a Luenberger observer
Bozo Richter, Andrea Bellandi, Julien Branlard, Leon Speidel, Annika Eichler
评论: 对APS投稿的轻微更正和格式调整。11页,4幅图,将发表在APS《物理评论-加速器和束流》上
主题: 加速器物理 (physics.acc-ph) ; 系统与控制 (eess.SY)

得益于超导技术的进步,未来十年将出现几台连续波线性加速器。 对于这些机器,跟踪主要腔体参数(如谐振器带宽和失谐)至关重要。 带宽提供了关于腔体超导状态的信息。 失谐应尽可能减小,以限制运行腔体所需的功率。 这些参数的估计通常在低能射频控制系统数字电子设备中实现,以最小化计算延迟。 在本文中,我们提出了一种使用Luenberger观测器计算带宽和失调的方法。 与之前的方法不同,状态观测器在原生控制系统采样率下提供估计值,而无需显式过滤输入信号。 此外,可以通过调整增益参数直观地控制估计值的误差收敛特性。 本文中介绍了所推导观测器的实现考虑因素和测试结果。

Enabled by progress in superconducting technology, several continuous wave linear accelerators are foreseen in the next decade. For these machines, it is of crucial importance to track the main cavity parameters, such as the resonator bandwidth and detuning. The bandwidth yields information on the superconducting state of the cavity. The detuning should be minimized to limit the required power to operate the cavity. The estimation of these parameters is commonly implemented in the digital electronics of the Low-Level RF control system to minimize the computation delay. In this proceeding, we present a way to compute the bandwidth and detuning using a Luenberger observer. In contrast to previous methods, a state observer yields estimations at the native control system sample rate without explicitly filtering the input signals. Additionally, the error convergence properties of the estimations can be controlled intuitively by adjusting gain parameters. Implementation considerations and test results on the derived observer are presented in the manuscript.

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