光学
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显示 2025年07月25日， 星期五 新的列表
- [1] arXiv:2507.17917 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 模块化和自动工作流用于简化拉曼信号分析标题： Modular and Automated Workflow for Streamlined Raman Signal Analysis评论： 预印本。提交至《拉曼光谱杂志》主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 信号处理 (eess.SP) ; 化学物理 (physics.chem-ph)
拉曼光谱是一种用于材料表征的强大工具。 然而，为了识别和处理噪声、基线漂移和随机尖峰，需要仔细的预处理。 本文提出了一种全面的方法来生成和预处理拉曼光谱。 此外，我们描述了将Voigt峰拟合到光谱中的方法，以确定峰参数。 这些方法的有效性通过合成和真实拉曼光谱进行了演示，并在开源GitHub仓库中提供了代码。
Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool for material characterization. However, careful preprocessing is required for the identification and handling of noise, baseline drift, and random spikes. This paper presents a comprehensive approach to generating and preprocessing Raman spectra. Additionally, we describe methods for fitting Voigt peaks to the spectrum to determine peak parameters. The effectiveness of these methods is demonstrated using both synthetic and real Raman spectra, with code provided in an open-source GitHub repository.
- [2] arXiv:2507.17940 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 通过悬浮光机械实现寡核苷酸的选择性检测标题： Oligonucleotide selective detection by levitated optomechanics评论： 13页，8张图，欢迎提出意见主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 定量方法 (q-bio.QM) ; 量子物理 (quant-ph)
此处我们检查了敏感光机械实验中寡核苷酸特异性信号的检测。 二氧化硅纳米颗粒（SiNPs）使用ZnCl$_2$和单链脱氧腺苷酸和脱氧胸苷酸单磷酸的25聚体进行功能化，在真空中通过1550 nm波长的激光进行光学捕获。 在光学陷阱中，SiNPs表现为其谐波振荡器，其振荡频率和振幅可通过光学干涉测量法精确检测。 数据在不同类型的粒子之间进行了比较，显示出与SiNPs运动相关的峰频率、宽度和振幅的差异，这可以通过理论模型加以解释。 从该平台获得的数据通过将洛伦兹曲线拟合到光谱中进行分析。 线性判别分析检测到了功能化和非功能化SiNPs之间的差异。 随机森林建模进一步证明了各组之间的拟合数据存在差异。 进行了透射电子显微镜观察，但未发现粒子类型之间的任何视觉差异。
Here we examine the detection of oligonucleotide-specific signals in sensitive optomechanical experiments. Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) were functionalized using ZnCl$_2$ and 25-mers of single-stranded deoxyadenosine and deoxythymidine monophosphate which were optically trapped by a 1550 nm wavelength laser in vacuum. In the optical trap, SiNPs behave as harmonic oscillators, and their oscillation frequency and amplitude can be precisely detected by optical interferometry. The data was compared across particle types, revealing differences in frequency, width and amplitude of peaks with respect to motion of the SiNPs which can be explained by a theoretical model. Data obtained from this platform was analyzed by fitting Lorentzian curves to the spectra. Linear discriminant analysis detected differences between the functionalized and non-functionalized SiNPs. Random forest modeling provided further evidence that the fitted data were different between the groups. Transmission electron microscopy was carried out, but did not reveal any visual differences between the particle types
- [3] arXiv:2507.18019 [中文pdf, pdf, 其他]
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标题： 飞秒脉冲序列在固态高阶谐波生成中由多带干涉引起的时域展宽标题： Temporal Broadening of Attosecond Pulse Trains Induced by Multi-Band inference in Solid-State High-Order Harmonic Generation评论： 26页，8图主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 原子物理 (physics.atom-ph)
高次谐波产生（HHG）在气体中的机制已经得到充分阐明，表征了时间域中的阿秒脉冲序列（APT），显著推动了孤立阿秒脉冲（IAP）的合成。 然而，固体中HHG的复杂性导致IAP分离困难。 在此，我们使用时间依赖密度泛函理论（TDDFT）研究以体硅为原型的固体中APT的多带机制。 我们的研究揭示了以下内容：1. APT的时间特性可以通过不同能带中电子的占据情况进行表征。2. 由于不同导带和价带之间对称性允许（或禁止）的光学跃迁引起的时空占据差异，会在谐波发射中产生有害的相位偏移，从而影响IAP的提取。 我们的发现不仅揭示了固态HHG背后的机制，还为控制APT以生成IAP提供了新的途径。
The mechanism underlying high harmonic generation (HHG) in gases has been well clarified, characterizing attosecond pulse trains (APT) in the time domain, significantly advances the synthesis of isolated attosecond pulse (IAP). However, the complexity of HHG in solid obstacles IAP separation. Here, we use time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) to investigate the multiband mechanism of APT in solid state with bulk silicon as prototype. Our research unveils that: 1. The temporal characteristics of APT can be characterized by the occupation of electrons in different energy bands. 2. Due to the temporal occupation difference caused by optical transition allowed (or forbidden) by symmetry between different conduction bands and valence bands, a harmful phase shift in harmonics emission to APT for extracting IAP occurs. Our findings not only shed light on the mechanisms behind solid-state HHG but also provide new avenues to control APT to generate IAP.
- [4] arXiv:2507.18058 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 微波梳中的多色跨带孤子标题： Multicolor interband solitons in microcombsQing-Xin Ji, Hanfei Hou, Jinhao Ge, Yan Yu, Maodong Gao, Warren Jin, Joel Guo, Lue Wu, Peng Liu, Avi Feshali, Mario Paniccia, John Bowers, Kerry Vahala主题： 光学 (physics.optics)
在微梳中，孤子可以驱动非孤子形成模式以引发光学增益。 在特定条件下，一个再生的二次时间脉冲会在时间和空间上与激发孤子脉冲重合，并在新的光谱位置形成。 一种涉及克尔诱导脉冲相互作用的机制已被理论提出，导致包含相位锁定脉冲的多色孤子。 然而，这种现象的发生需要色散条件，这些条件在传统光学微谐振器中并不自然满足。 在这里，我们报告了在单个光学泵浦下实验观察到的多色脉冲，这与多色孤子的概念密切相关。 各个孤子脉冲具有相同的重复率，可能完全相位锁定。 它们是通过复合谐振器中的带间耦合产生的。
In microcombs, solitons can drive non-soliton-forming modes to induce optical gain. Under specific conditions, a regenerative secondary temporal pulse coinciding in time and space with the exciting soliton pulse will form at a new spectral location. A mechanism involving Kerr-induced pulse interactions has been proposed theoretically, leading to multicolor solitons containing constituent phase-locked pulses. However, the occurrence of this phenomenon requires dispersion conditions that are not naturally satisfied in conventional optical microresonators. Here, we report the experimental observation of multicolor pulses from a single optical pump in a way that is closely related to the concept of multicolor solitons. The individual soliton pulses share the same repetition rate and could potentially be fully phase-locked. They are generated using interband coupling in a compound resonator.
- [5] arXiv:2507.18068 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 克服自由运行双梳干涉仪中的噪声跟踪带宽限制标题： Overcoming the noise-tracking-bandwidth limits in Free-running Dual-Comb Interferometry评论： 7页，6图主题： 光学 (physics.optics)
我们提出了一种简单的方法，以扩展自由运行双梳干涉测量中自校正算法的噪声跟踪带宽，利用相干谐波增强的双梳光谱技术。 作为概念验证，我们采用了这种新架构和传统架构对$\text{H}^{13}\text{C}^{14}\text{N}$气体池进行自由运行双梳光谱测量，在相同的12.5 MHz光谱分辨率下，展示了跟踪带宽提高了20倍。 由于这种方法通过在干涉图周期内生成谐波中心脉冲来提高跟踪带宽，因此将跟踪带宽与重复率差分开，从而避免了光谱采集带宽的缩小。 这显著拓宽了自由运行双梳光谱学的前景。
We present a straightforward method to extend the noise-tracking bandwidth for self-correction algorithms in free-running dual-comb interferometry, leveraging coherent-harmonic-enhanced dual-comb spectroscopy. As a proof of concept, we employed both this novel architecture and a conventional one to perform free-running dual-comb spectroscopy of a $\text{H}^{13}\text{C}^{14}\text{N}$ gas cell, demonstrating a 20-fold increase in tracking bandwidth at the same spectral resolution of 12.5 MHz. Since this approach improves the tracking bandwidth by generating harmonic centerbursts within an interferogram period, it decouples the tracking bandwidth from the repetition rate difference, thus avoiding spectral acquisition bandwidth narrowing. This significantly broadens the outlook for free-running dual-comb spectroscopy.
- [6] arXiv:2507.18091 [中文pdf, pdf, 其他]
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标题： 通过超快自由电子的间接多光子散射光与体等离子体波标题： Indirect multiphoton scattering between light and bulk plasmons via ultrafast free electronsRuoyu Chen, Jun Li, Qiaofei Pan, Dingguo Zheng, Bin Zhang, Ye Tian, Jianqi Li, Huaixin Yang, Yiming Pan评论： 30页，4图，SM文件主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 材料科学 (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) ; 量子物理 (quant-ph)
高效耦合光与体等离子体（BPs）仍然是一个核心挑战，这是由于它们固有的模式不匹配、有限的穿透深度以及可见光范围内的光子与BPs之间明显的共振能量不匹配。 在本工作中，我们证明超快自由电子可以在纳米尺度上相干地介导电磁场与BPs之间的相互作用。 从超快透射电镜的光电阴极发出的电子脉冲，作为能够同时通过多光子过程与激光场相互作用并通过对扰散射与BPs相互作用的量子中介。 电子能量损失谱可以捕捉这种间接相互作用，最终的电子能量分布编码了来自多光子吸收和发射以及BPs散射事件的不同组合所产生的量子路径。 这些路径之间的干涉导致了特征光谱调制，直接揭示了通过电子传递光子与BPs之间的能量和信息交换。 我们的结果表明，飞秒驱动的超快电子提供了一种可行的方法来调节甚至控制体积内的体等离子体激发，从而超越了传统纳米等离子学方案中通过光来操控表面等离子体的范围。 这种间接的光-BP相互作用为在超快和纳米尺度上探索基本的光-物质相互作用开辟了有前途的道路。
Efficient coupling between light and bulk plasmons (BPs) remains a central challenge because of their inherent mode mismatch, limited penetration depth, and pronounced resonant energy mismatch between visible-range photons and BPs. In this work, we demonstrate that ultrafast free electrons can coherently mediate an interaction between electromagnetic fields and BPs at the nanoscale. An electron pulse emitted from the photocathode of ultrafast transmission electron microscope, functions as a quantum intermediary that is capable of simultaneously interacting with the laser field by multiphoton processes and BPs by perturbative scattering. Electron energy-loss spectroscopy can capture this indirect interaction, the final electron energy distribution encodes both quantum pathways arising from distinct combinations of multiphoton absorption and emission and BP scattering events. Interference among these pathways gives rise to characteristic spectral modulations, directly revealing the exchange of energy and information between photons and BPs via the electron delivery. Our results show that femtosecond-driven, ultrafast electrons provide a viable route to modulate and even control bulk plasmon excitations in a volume, thereby extending beyond the conventional nanoplasmonics schemes on manipulating surface plasmons by light. This indirect light-BP interaction paves the promising way for exploring fundamental light-matter interaction at ultrafast and nanometer scales.
- [7] arXiv:2507.18108 [中文pdf, pdf, 其他]
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标题： 超宽带集成光子学推动全谱自适应无线通信标题： Ultrabroadband Integrated Photonics Empowering Full-Spectrum Adaptive Wireless CommunicationsZihan Tao, Haoyu Wang, Hanke Feng, Yijun Guo, Bitao Shen, Dan Sun, Yuansheng Tao, Changhao Han, Yandong He, John Bowers, Haowen Shu, Cheng Wang, Xingjun Wang评论： 19页，4图主题： 光学 (physics.optics)
下一代第六代（6G）及更高级的无线网络将能够在从微波、毫米波到太赫兹波段的广阔频率范围内运行，以支持各种应用场景中的普遍连接。 这需要一种通用的硬件解决方案，可以在这一宽频谱范围内进行自适应重新配置，以支持全频段覆盖和动态频谱管理。 然而，现有的电气或光子辅助无线通信解决方案在满足这一需求方面面临重大挑战，因为单个设备的带宽有限，且其系统架构本质上是刚性的。 在此，我们展示了通过通用薄膜铌酸锂（TFLN）光子无线引擎驱动的前所未有的频率范围超过100 GHz的自适应无线通信。 利用TFLN平台的强Pockels效应和出色的可扩展性，我们实现了基本功能元件的单片集成，包括基带调制、宽带无线光子转换以及可重构载波/本地信号生成。 由宽带可调光电子振荡器供电，我们的信号源在0.5 GHz至115 GHz的记录最宽频率范围内工作，具有高频率稳定性和一致的相干性。 基于宽带和可重构的集成光子解决方案，我们首次实现了跨9个连续频段的全链路无线通信，达到了高达100 Gbps的记录信道速率。 实时可重构性进一步实现了自适应频率分配，这是在复杂频谱环境中确保增强可靠性的关键能力。 我们提出的系统标志着迈向未来全频谱和全场景无线网络的重要一步。
The forthcoming sixth-generation (6G) and beyond (XG) wireless networks are poised to operate across an expansive frequency range from microwave, millimeter-wave to terahertz bands to support ubiquitous connectivity in diverse application scenarios. This necessitates a one-size-fits-all hardware solution that can be adaptively reconfigured within this wide spectrum to support full-band coverage and dynamic spectrum management. However, existing electrical or photonic-assisted wireless communication solutions see significant challenges in meeting this demand due to the limited bandwidths of individual devices and the intrinsically rigid nature of their system architectures. Here, we demonstrate adaptive wireless communications over an unprecedented frequency range spanning over 100 GHz, driven by a universal thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) photonic wireless engine. Leveraging the strong Pockels effect and excellent scalability of the TFLN platform, we achieve monolithic integration of essential functional elements, including baseband modulation, broadband wireless-photonic conversion, and reconfigurable carrier/local signal generation. Powered by broadband tunable optoelectronic oscillators, our signal sources operate across a record-wide frequency range from 0.5 GHz to 115 GHz with high frequency stability and consistent coherence. Based on the broadband and reconfigurable integrated photonic solution, we realize, for the first time, full-link wireless communication across 9 consecutive bands, achieving record lane speeds of up to 100 Gbps. The real-time reconfigurability further enables adaptive frequency allocation, a crucial capability to ensure enhanced reliability in complex spectrum environments. Our proposed system marks a significant step towards future full-spectrum and omni-scenario wireless networks.
- [8] arXiv:2507.18127 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 面向定制窄带吸收的超表面混合量子-经典逆向设计标题： Hybrid Quantum-Classical Inverse Design of Metasurfaces for Tailored Narrow Band Absorption主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 软凝聚态物理 (cond-mat.soft)
超表面的逆向设计由于结构特性与电磁响应之间的复杂相互依赖关系而面临重大挑战。 传统优化方法需要大量的计算资源，并且经常无法产生最有效的解决方案。 本研究提出了一种混合量子-经典机器学习方法，称为基于潜在风格的量子生成对抗网络（LaSt-QGAN）。 该方法将变分自编码器（VAE）与量子生成对抗网络（QGAN）相结合，以提高旨在实现窄带吸收和单向性的超表面设计的优化效果。 与传统的基于GAN的方法相比，该方法使训练时间减少了三分之一，数据需求减少了30%。 所生成的超表面设计相对于目标吸收光谱具有95%的高保真度。 此外，材料查找表的集成通过允许将预测的材料特性替换为可行的替代品，从而促进了可制造性，同时保持性能准确性。 此外，该模型能够生成高达$10^4$的Q因子，而训练数据集的Q因子最高可达$10^3$的数量级。
The inverse design of metasurfaces poses a considerable challenge because of the intricate interdependencies that exist between structural characteristics and electromagnetic responses. Traditional optimization methods require significant computational resources and frequently do not produce the most effective solutions. This study presents a hybrid quantum-classical machine learning approach known as Latent Style-based Quantum GAN (LaSt-QGAN). This method integrates a Variational Autoencoder (VAE) with a Quantum Generative Adversarial Network (QGAN) to enhance the optimization of metasurface designs aimed at achieving narrow-band absorption and unidirectionality. The proposed method results in a reduction of training time by one-third and a decrease in data requirements by 30\% when compared to traditional GAN-based approaches. The produced metasurface designs demonstrate a high fidelity of 95\% in relation to the target absorption spectra. Additionally, the integration of a material look-up table facilitates manufacturability by allowing for the substitution of predicted material properties with viable alternatives, all while preserving performance accuracy. Moreover the model is able to generate Q-factor upto the order of $10^4$, while the training dataset has Q-factor upto the order of $10^3$.
- [9] arXiv:2507.18132 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 基于物理信息量子GAN的逆设计用于介电超表面的定制吸收标题： Inverse Design using Physics-Informed Quantum GANs for Tailored Absorption in Dielectric Metasurfaces主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 软凝聚态物理 (cond-mat.soft)
高Q因子的窄带吸收表现出高的光谱选择性，使得高灵敏度的光电探测器、传感器和热辐射器成为可能。全介质超表面被广泛认为是产生这种窄带吸收的优秀候选者。然而，设计具有特定功能的超表面在实验和计算上仍然是一个具有挑战性的任务，这就是为什么越来越多地探索逆向设计方法。由于逆向设计过程存在非唯一解和设计空间的高维性，因此非常复杂，使得精确控制共振波长、线宽和吸收强度变得困难。在本文中，我们提出了一种新的混合方法，将生成对抗网络（GANs）（包括经典和量子）与物理信息神经网络（PINNs）结合起来，用于窄带吸收超表面的逆向设计。通过将Fano形状的吸收光谱方程引入PINN损失函数，我们对共振行为施加了物理约束，确保输出既在光谱上准确又在物理上一致。本研究比较了传统GAN + PINN框架与由混合量子-经典GAN（QGAN）增强的PINN。研究结果表明，集成的PINN+QGAN模型收敛速度更快，所需的训练样本减少了99.5%，并且与传统GAN相比，均方误差降低了数量级。值得注意的是，尽管训练数据集仅包含Q因子在$10^3$量级的超表面，该模型仍能够生成Q因子超过$10^5$的高不对称超表面结构。本研究提出了一种将量子机器学习与基于物理的建模相结合的新框架，为纳米光子系统中的量子增强逆向设计提供了一种有前景的方法。
High Q-factor narrow-band absorption exhibits high spectral selectivity enabling high-sensitive photodetectors, sensors and thermal emitters. All-dielectric metasurfaces are widely regarded as excellent candidates for giving rise to such narrow-band absorption. However, designing metasurfaces with specific functionalities remains a challenging task both experimentally and computationally, which is why inverse design methods are increasingly being explored. Inverse design process is highly complex due to its non-unique solutions and the higher dimensionality of the design space, making it challenging to precisely control the resonance wavelength, linewidth, and absorption intensity. In this paper, we present a novel hybrid methodology that integrates generative adversarial networks (GANs) (both classical and quantum) with physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for the inverse design of narrow-band absorbing metasurfaces. By introducing a Fano-shaped absorption spectrum equation into the PINN loss function, we enforce physical constraints on the resonance behavior, ensuring outputs that are both spectrally accurate and physically consistent. The study presents a comparison between a conventional GAN + PINN framework and a PINN augmented by a hybrid quantum-classical GAN (QGAN). The findings indicate that the integrated PINN + QGAN model achieves faster convergence, requires 99.5\% fewer training samples, and yields an order of magnitude lower MSE compared to conventional GANs. Remarkably, even though the training dataset only contains metasurfaces with Q-factors on the order of $10^3$, the model is able to generate highly asymmetric metasurface structures with Q-factors exceeding $10^5$. This study presents a novel framework that integrates quantum machine learning with physics-based modeling, providing a promising method for quantum-enhanced inverse design in nanophotonic systems.
- [10] arXiv:2507.18191 [中文pdf, pdf, 其他]
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标题： 2光子显微镜的信噪比表征标题： Characterisation of the signal to noise ratio of 2-photon microscopes评论： 发表在同行评审期刊上主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 仪器与探测器 (physics.ins-det)
信噪比（SNR）是成像仪器的关键性能指标。 在这里，我们描述了定制的双光子显微镜的SNR特性，并将我们显微镜的SNR性能与选定的商用双光子显微镜进行比较。 本文描述的方法可以为希望对其双光子或其他点扫描显微镜进行特性和基准测试的其他人提供指导。
Signal to noise ratio (SNR) is a key performance metric of an imaging instrument. Here we describe characterisation of SNR of a custom 2-photon microscope and compare the SNR performance of our microscope with selected commercial 2-photon microscopes. The methodology described in this paper can serve as guidance for others wishing to characterise and benchmark their 2-photon or other point-scanning microscopes.
- [11] arXiv:2507.18416 [中文pdf, pdf, 其他]
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标题： 耦合InP纳米线激光器的远场方向性控制标题： Far-field directionality control of coupled InP nanowire lasersLukas R. Jäger (1 and 2), Wei Wen Wong (2), Carsten Ronning (1), Hark Hoe Tan (2) ((1) Friedrich Schiller University Jena, (2) Australian National University)评论： 12页正文和5幅图表，15页补充信息和16幅图表主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 中尺度与纳米尺度物理 (cond-mat.mes-hall)
纳米线（NW）激光器作为紧凑的、相干的片上光源，具有巨大的潜力，这对下一代光通信和成像技术至关重要。 然而，由于激光模式工程和制造的复杂性，控制其发射方向性一直受到阻碍。 在这里，我们通过在不依赖于后外延转移和对准工艺的情况下，精确控制位点选择性纳米线之间的光学耦合，实现了垂直发射的InP纳米线激光器的远场发射的空间工程。 利用这一工艺能力，我们设计并生长了在TE01波导模式下工作的纳米线对和三元组。 然后，我们通过改变它们的光学耦合间隙，展示了将远场发射轮廓从典型的甜甜圈状发射修改为双瓣状发射轮廓的能力，这由模拟和实验轮廓的紧密匹配得到证实。 此外，通过数值模拟，我们通过将纳米线激光器对排列成周期性阵列，进一步提高了远场方向性，证明了定向激光超表面的可行性。 我们的结果为在片上光源中实现相干光生成和光束转向的高效集成提供了基础。
Nanowire (NW) lasers hold great promise as compact, coherent on-chip light sources that are crucial for next-generation optical communication and imaging technologies. However, controlling their emission directionality has been hindered by the complexities of lasing mode engineering and fabrication. Here, we demonstrate spatially-engineered far-field emission from vertically emitting InP NW lasers by establishing precise control over the optical coupling between site-selective NWs, without relying on post-epitaxy transfer and alignment processes. Leveraging this process capability, we design and grow NW pairs and triplets that lase in the TE01 waveguide mode. We then demonstrate the ability to modify their far-field emission profiles from the signature doughnut-like emission to a double-lobed emission profile by changing their optical coupling gap, evidenced by closely matching simulation and experimental profiles. Moreover, through numerical simulations, we show further enhancement in the far-field directionality by arranging the NW laser pairs in a periodic array, demonstrating the feasibility of a directional lasing metasurface. Our results provide a foundation for efficient integration of coherent light generation and beam steering in on-chip light sources.
- [12] arXiv:2507.18596 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 无预选的光纤弱测量传感框架具有高灵敏度标题： Preselection-Free Fiber-Optic Weak Measurement Sensing Framework with High-sensitivity主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 量子物理 (quant-ph)
一种无需预选的光纤弱测量传感框架在本文中被提出并进行了实验验证。 考虑到光纤弱测量需要特定预选的限制，此方案在理论上进行创新，在使用单模光纤生成随机偏振态时，通过优化后选实现了高灵敏度传感。 实验结果表明，传感性能比传统光纤传感技术高两到三个数量级。
A preselection-free fiber-optic weak measurement sensing framework is proposed and experimentally verified in this paper. In view of the limitation that fiber-optic weak measurement require specific preselection, this scheme innovates theoretically and achieves high sensitivity sensing by optimizing the post-selection when single-mode optical fiber is used to generate random polarization state. The experimental results show that the sensing performance is two to three orders of magnitude higher than that of traditional optical fiber sensing technology.
- [13] arXiv:2507.18599 [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 任意复杂且无悬垂的氮化硅纳米机械谐振器的激光微加工标题： Laser micromachining of arbitrarily complex and overhang-free SiN nanomechanical resonatorsYahya Saleh, Zachary Louis-Seize, Timothy Hodges, David Girard, Mohammed Shakir, Mathis Turgeon-Roy, Francis Doyon-D'Amour, Chang Zhang, Arnaud Weck, Raphael St-Gelais评论： 耶哈亚·萨利赫和扎卡里·路易斯-塞兹对本研究的贡献相同主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 应用物理 (physics.app-ph)
氮化硅（SiN）纳米机械谐振器的研究产生了异常丰富的谐振器几何结构，目前尚无可用的快速原型解决方案。 纳米梁、蹦床、声子带隙和软夹持结构的实验进展都依赖于传统的纳米制造工艺，包括电子束或光刻，随后进行各种蚀刻步骤。 这些技术通常耗时较长，相对不灵活，并且经常导致多余的残留氮化硅悬垂部分，这会降低机械品质因数。 相比之下，最近的研究表明，可以通过使用空间分布的微孔序列直接激光烧蚀自由悬挂的氮化硅膜来制作简单的共振结构，该序列限制了应力集中。 然而，这些早期展示仅限于基本形状，这些形状是通过手动组合圆形和直线的烧蚀程序创建的。 在这里，我们展示了使用一个开源软件工具集——随着本出版物一起发布——可以直接从标准半导体版图文件（即GDSII）自动生成激光烧蚀孔序列，以制造任意复杂的几何结构。 该软件包括一个版图对齐工具，可以补偿膜的方向和尺寸变化，将材料悬垂限制在约2微米。 使用这个工具集，我们在不到1小时内制造了几种谐振器几何结构，其中两种被详尽地表征为高性能辐射传感的候选结构。 这些结构的测量品质因数与有限元模拟非常接近，达到高达3.7 x 10^6的值。 从这些测量中，我们提取出材料品质因数高于3700，这与低应力氮化硅未烧蚀的平面膜以及使用传统制造方法生产的类似结构相当。
Research on silicon nitride (SiN) nanomechanical resonators produces an exceptionally rich variety of resonator geometries, for which there is currently no available rapid prototyping solution. Experimental advances in nanobeam, trampoline, phononic bandgap, and soft-clamping structures all rely on conventional nanofabrication involving e-beam or photolithography, followed by various etching steps. These techniques are typically time-consuming, relatively inflexible, and often result in spurious residual SiN overhang that can degrade mechanical quality factors. In contrast, recent work has shown that simple resonant structures, such as nanobeams, can be prototyped by direct laser ablation of free-standing SiN membranes using a spatially distributed sequence of microholes that limits stress concentration. However, these early demonstrations were restricted to basic shapes, created by manually combining ablation routines for circles and straight lines. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of arbitrarily complex geometries using an open-source software toolset--released with this publication--that automatically generates laser-ablated hole sequences directly from standard semiconductor layout files (i.e., GDSII). The software includes a layout alignment tool that compensates for the membrane orientation and dimensional variations, limiting material overhang to ~2 um. Using this toolset, we fabricate several resonator geometries, each in under 1 hour, two of which are exhaustively characterized as candidate structures for high-performance radiation sensing. The measured quality factors of these structures closely match finite element simulations and reach values up to 3.7 x 10^6. From these measurements, we extract material quality factors above 3700, which is on par with low-stress SiN unablated plain membranes and with comparable structures produced using conventional fabrication methods.
- [14] arXiv:2507.18610 [中文pdf, pdf, 其他]
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标题： 通过视差成像见解放松直接ptychography采样要求标题： Relaxing Direct Ptychography Sampling Requirements via Parallax Imaging InsightsGeorgios Varnavides, Julie Marie Bekkevold, Stephanie M Ribet, Mary C Scott, Lewys Jones, Colin Ophus评论： 10页，6图，2表主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 材料科学 (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
直接ptychography通过解卷积具有已知像差的收敛探针的干涉效应，能够检索通过薄样品的电子波相位中编码的信息。 在弱相位物体近似下，这允许使用非迭代技术最优地传递信息。 然而，该技术的可实现分辨率传统上受到探针步长的限制——设定了严格的奈奎斯特采样要求。 同时，视差成像作为一种剂量高效的相位恢复技术出现，它放松了采样要求并实现了扫描上采样。 在这里，我们将视差成像公式化为直接ptychography的二次近似，并利用这一见解在直接ptychography中实现上采样。 我们还通过模拟和实验重建数值地展示了分析结果。
Direct ptychography enables the retrieval of information encoded in the phase of an electron wave passing through a thin sample by deconvolving the interference effect of a converged probe with known aberrations. Under the weak phase object approximation, this permits the optimal transfer of information using non-iterative techniques. However, the achievable resolution of the technique is traditionally limited by the probe step size -- setting stringent Nyquist sampling requirements. At the same time, parallax imaging has emerged as a dose-efficient phase-retrieval technique which relaxes sampling requirements and enables scan-upsampling. Here, we formulate parallax imaging as a quadratic approximation to direct ptychography and use this insight to enable upsampling in direct ptychography. We also demonstrate analytical results numerically using simulated and experimental reconstructions.
新提交 (展示 14 之 14 条目 )
- [15] arXiv:2507.17800 (交叉列表自 eess.IV) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 使用生成先验的多切片电子ptychography改进方法标题： Improving Multislice Electron Ptychography with a Generative PriorChristian K. Belardi, Chia-Hao Lee, Yingheng Wang, Justin Lovelace, Kilian Q. Weinberger, David A. Muller, Carla P. Gomes评论： 16页，10图，5表主题： 图像与视频处理 (eess.IV) ; 材料科学 (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) ; 计算机视觉与模式识别 (cs.CV) ; 光学 (physics.optics)
多切片电子ptychography（MEP）是一种逆成像技术，它从衍射图案中计算重建原子晶体结构的最高分辨率图像。 可用算法通常通过迭代解决这个逆问题，但由于其不适定性，既耗时又产生次优解。 我们开发了MEP-Diffusion，这是一种在大量晶体结构数据库上训练的扩散模型，专门用于MEP以增强现有的迭代求解器。 MEP-Diffusion可通过Diffusion Posterior Sampling（DPS）轻松集成到现有重建方法中作为生成先验。 我们发现这种混合方法大大提高了重建的三维体积质量，在SSIM方面比现有方法提高了90.50%。
Multislice electron ptychography (MEP) is an inverse imaging technique that computationally reconstructs the highest-resolution images of atomic crystal structures from diffraction patterns. Available algorithms often solve this inverse problem iteratively but are both time consuming and produce suboptimal solutions due to their ill-posed nature. We develop MEP-Diffusion, a diffusion model trained on a large database of crystal structures specifically for MEP to augment existing iterative solvers. MEP-Diffusion is easily integrated as a generative prior into existing reconstruction methods via Diffusion Posterior Sampling (DPS). We find that this hybrid approach greatly enhances the quality of the reconstructed 3D volumes, achieving a 90.50% improvement in SSIM over existing methods.
- [16] arXiv:2507.18056 (交叉列表自 cond-mat.other) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 手性物质中异常增加的超反射率标题： Anomalous increasing super reflectance in chiral matter评论： 8页，5图主题： 其他凝聚态物理 (cond-mat.other) ; 高能物理 - 理论 (hep-th) ; 光学 (physics.optics)
磁导率和反常霍尔电导率在手性系统中引起反常输运特性以及新颖的光学现象。 在这里，我们研究由轴子电动力学所描述的介质表面的反射特性，这有效地描述了外尔半金属的光学方面。 我们表明，这些手性介质在某些频率窗口内可以表现出异常的反射率（大于1），这取决于所涉及的两种电导率的符号。 这种反射率随着频率的增加而增加，在某些频率带内始终大于1。 我们还研究了在正常入射下手性介质上的复数科恩角。 在吸收窗口内观察到巨大的科恩角，而科恩椭圆度可用于确定磁导率的相对符号。
Magnetic and anomalous Hall conductivities induce anomalous transport features and novel optical phenomena in chiral systems. Here, we investigate reflection properties on the surface of a medium ruled by axion electrodynamics, which effectively describes optical aspects of Weyl semimetals. We show that these chiral media can manifest anomalous reflectance (R greater than unity) for some frequency windows, depending on the signs of the two involved conductivities. Such a reflectance can increase with the frequency, being always greater than 1 in certain frequency bands. We also examine the complex Kerr angles at normal incidence on the chiral medium. Giant Kerr angle is observed within the absorption window, while the Kerr ellipticity may be used to determine the relative sign of the magnetic conductivity.
- [17] arXiv:2507.18093 (交叉列表自 quant-ph) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 通过体相hBN的光物理表征推进hBN缺陷数据库标题： Advancing the hBN Defects Database through Photophysical Characterization of Bulk hBN评论： 13页，4图主题： 量子物理 (quant-ph) ; 材料科学 (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) ; 计算物理 (physics.comp-ph) ; 光学 (physics.optics)
在六方氮化硼（hBN）中的量子发射体由于多种缺陷的存在而引起了广泛关注，这些缺陷在室温下提供了高量子效率和单光子纯度。 对hBN缺陷的大多数理论研究都模拟单层结构，因为这比计算体结构在计算上更便宜。 然而，大多数实验研究都是在多层至体相hBN上进行的，这在理论和实验之间创造了额外的差异可能性。 在这项工作中，我们提供了一个扩展的hBN缺陷数据库，其中包括一组全面的体相hBN缺陷及其激发态光物理性质。 该数据库包含超过120种中性缺陷，系统地评估了从-2到2的电荷状态（总共600个缺陷）。 对于每个缺陷，确定了最稳定的电荷和自旋配置，并用于计算零声子线、光致发光光谱、吸收光谱、黄-里斯（HR）因子、交互辐射寿命、跃迁偶极矩和偏振特性。 我们的分析表明，电子-声子耦合强度主要受空位存在的影响，这些空位倾向于引起更强的晶格畸变并拓宽声子侧带。 此外，相关性分析显示，虽然大多数性质是独立的，但HR因子与构型坐标强相关。 所有数据均可在https://h-bn.info公开获取，同时还提供了一个新的应用程序编程接口（API），以促进与机器学习工作流的集成。 因此，该数据库旨在弥合理论与实验之间的差距，有助于可靠地识别量子发射体，并支持量子材料研究中基于机器学习的方法的发展。
Quantum emitters in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) have gained significant attention due to a wide range of defects that offer high quantum efficiency and single-photon purity at room temperature. Most theoretical studies on hBN defects simulate monolayers, as this is computationally cheaper than calculating bulk structures. However, most experimental studies are carried out on multilayer to bulk hBN, which creates additional possibilities for discrepancies between theory and experiment. In this work, we present an extended database of hBN defects that includes a comprehensive set of bulk hBN defects along with their excited-state photophysical properties. The database features over 120 neutral defects, systematically evaluated across charge states ranging from -2 to 2 (600 defects in total). For each defect, the most stable charge and spin configurations are identified and used to compute the zero-phonon line, photoluminescence spectrum, absorption spectrum, Huang-Rhys (HR) factor, interactive radiative lifetimes, transition dipole moments, and polarization characteristics. Our analysis reveals that the electron-phonon coupling strength is primarily influenced by the presence of vacancies, which tend to induce stronger lattice distortions and broaden phonon sidebands. Additionally, correlation analysis shows that while most properties are independent, the HR factor strongly correlates with the configuration coordinates. All data are publicly available at https://h-bn.info, along with a new application programming interface (API) to facilitate integration with machine learning workflows. This database is therefore designed to bridge the gap between theory and experiment, aid in the reliable identification of quantum emitters, and support the development of machine-learning-driven approaches in quantum materials research.
交叉提交 (展示 3 之 3 条目 )
- [18] arXiv:2310.01554 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 磁电材料中的光传播：光学系数在折射率调制中的作用标题： Light propagation in magnetoelectric materials: The role of optical coefficients in refractive index modulation评论： 13页，2图。在本版本中，波传播分析从线性扩展到了一阶非线性磁电效应主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 经典物理 (physics.class-ph)
对与非线性磁电效应相关的光学现象的研究正在科学界引起越来越多的关注。 技术不断要求新材料能够对外部电磁场产生精确且可控制的响应。 在此背景下，这类材料的光学特性具有重要意义。 在这里，我们在无损耗和非色散的条件下，研究具有线性和非线性光学系数的材料中的电磁波传播。 我们通过考察特殊情况来扩展对非线性系数作用的讨论，在这些情况下，磁电光学系数$\alpha_{ij}$、$\beta_{ijk}$和$\gamma_{ijk}$对双折射和非互易现象的贡献得到了阐明。 值得注意的是，直接将磁电系数与介质折射率联系起来的表达式被完全推导出来。 这些表达式使得可以直接测量每个非线性磁电系数的所有分量，这比以前的工作有所进步。 这一进展将理论模型与实验应用联系起来，为磁电效应的光学表征提供了可能性。
Investigations into optical phenomena associated with nonlinear magnetoelectric effects are attracting growing attention within the scientific community. Technologies constantly demand new materials capable of exhibiting precise and controllable responses to external electromagnetic fields. In this context, the optics of such materials is of remarkable importance. Here, working in a lossless and non-dispersive regime, electromagnetic wave propagation in materials presenting linear and nonlinear optical coefficients is investigated. We expand the discussion of the roles of nonlinear coefficients by examining special cases in which the contribution of the magnetoelectric optical coefficients $\alpha_{ij}$, $\beta_{ijk}$, and $\gamma_{ijk}$ to birefringence and nonreciprocal phenomena is elucidated. Notably, expressions that directly connect the magnetoelectric coefficients to the refractive indices of the medium are fully derived. These expressions enable the direct measurement of all components of each nonlinear magnetoelectric coefficient, providing an advancement over previous works. This development bridges theoretical models with experimental applications, offering possibilities for the optical characterization of magnetoelectric effects.
- [19] arXiv:2504.10268 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, 其他]
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标题： 微粒辅助超分辨率显微镜的理论模型标题： Theoretical Model of Microparticle-Assisted Super-Resolution Microscopy主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 图像与视频处理 (eess.IV)
我们提出了第一个基于微粒的超分辨率成像的三维理论模型，实现了虚拟图像形成的准确模拟。 该模型表明，考虑照明的部分空间相干性是实现超分辨率的基本前提。 我们还提出了一种新的照明策略，该策略通过抑制入射光的法向分量来提高图像对比度和分辨率。 结果建立了一个一致的波动光学框架，能够再现实验观察到的亚波长成像，并阐明了其背后的物理机制。
We present the first three-dimensional theoretical model of microparticle-assisted super-resolution imaging, enabling accurate simulation of virtual image formation. The model reveals that accounting for partial spatial coherence of illumination is a fundamental prerequisite for achieving super-resolution. We also propose a novel illumination strategy based on suppressing the normal component of incident light, which enhances image contrast and resolution. The results establish a consistent wave-optical framework that reproduces experimentally observed subwavelength imaging and clarifies the underlying physical mechanisms.
- [20] arXiv:2504.15734 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 紧凑型真空悬浮与控制平台与单个3D打印光纤透镜标题： Compact vacuum levitation and control platform with a single 3D-printed fiber lensSeyed Khalil Alavi, Jose Manuel Monterrosas Romero, Pavel Ruchka, Sara Jakovljević, Harald Giessen, Sungkun Hong主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 应用物理 (physics.app-ph) ; 量子物理 (quant-ph)
悬浮在真空中的介电粒子已成为量子科学的新平台，其应用范围从精确的加速度和力感测到测试超越微观领域的量子物理。 传统上，粒子悬浮依赖于由紧密聚焦激光束形成的光学镊子，这通常需要多个分立的光学元件在自由空间中对齐，限制了系统的鲁棒性和可扩展性。 为解决这些挑战，我们采用了一根配备高数值孔径（NA）透镜的单根光纤，该透镜直接打印在光纤端面上。 这使得一个紧凑而鲁棒的光学悬浮和检测系统完全由基于光纤的组件组成，消除了对复杂对准的需求。 印刷透镜的高NA允许在光纤受控运动时在真空中稳定地实现单光束捕获介电纳米粒子。 高NA还允许以极高的收集效率收集来自粒子的散射光，从而实现对粒子运动的高效检测和反馈稳定。 我们的平台为基于悬浮粒子的实际便携传感器铺平了道路，并为需要集成悬浮粒子的复杂实验提供了简单而优雅的解决方案。
Levitated dielectric particles in a vacuum have emerged as a new platform in quantum science, with applications ranging from precision acceleration and force sensing to testing quantum physics beyond the microscopic domain. Traditionally, particle levitation relies on optical tweezers formed by tightly focused laser beams, which typically require multiple bulk optical elements aligned in free space, limiting robustness and scalability of the system. To address these challenges, we employ a single optical fiber equipped with a high numerical aperture (NA) lens directly printed onto the fiber facet. This enables a compact yet robust optical levitation and detection system composed entirely of fiber-based components, eliminating the need for complex alignment. The high NA of the printed lens allows stable single-beam trapping of a dielectric nanoparticle in a vacuum, even while the fiber is in controlled motion. The high NA also allows for collecting scattered light from the particle with excellent collection efficiency, thus enabling efficient detection and feedback stabilization of the particle's motion. Our platform paves the way for practical and portable sensors based on levitated particles and provides simple yet elegant solutions to complex experiments requiring the integration of levitated particles.
- [21] arXiv:2507.05709 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, 其他]
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标题： 低损耗太赫兹负曲率悬浮芯光纤标题： Low-loss terahertz negative curvature suspended-core fiber主题： 光学 (physics.optics)
受负曲率空心光纤设计概念的启发，本文提出了一种创新的负曲率悬浮芯太赫兹光纤。 与传统悬浮芯光纤相比，该光纤的所有结构单元均设计为圆形边界，有效避免了传统结构中宽而超薄矩形支撑臂所带来的机械强度不足和制造困难的问题。 使用全矢量有限元方法进行数值模拟显示，在0.4-0.9太赫兹范围内，光纤维损耗低至0.0868dB/cm（0.02cm-1），低损耗带宽为0.43太赫兹。 此外，通过调整光纤的结构参数，可在0.4-0.9太赫兹范围内实现-0.15-0.05 ps/THz/cm的近零平坦色散。 该光纤表现出低损耗、宽频带和低色散的优异特性，理论上为低损耗太赫兹光纤的设计开辟了一条新的研究路径。 这将为太赫兹技术在通信、传感和成像等领域的应用和发展提供重要的组件支持。
Inspired by the design concept of negative curvature hollow-core fibers, this paper presents an innovative negative curvature suspended-core THz fiber. Compared to traditional suspended-core fibers, all structural units of this fiber are designed with circular boundaries, effectively avoiding the issues of insufficient mechanical strength and manufacturing difficulties associated with the wide and ultra-thin rectangular support arms in traditional structures. The numerical simulation using the full-vector finite element method shows that the optical fiber loss is as low as 0.0868dB/cm (0.02cm-1) in 0.4-0.9THz, and the low loss bandwidth is 0.43THz. In addition, by adjusting the structural parameters of the fiber, near zero flat dispersion of -0.15-0.05 ps/THz/cm can be achieved in the range of 0.4-0.9 THz. The fiber exhibits excellent characteristics of low loss, wide bandwidth, and low dispersion, theoretically opening a new research path for the design of low loss THz fibers. This will provide important component support for the application and development of THz technology in fields such as communication, sensing, and imaging.
- [22] arXiv:2507.11983 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 贝里单极子散射在双层光子晶体板的合成动量空间中的研究标题： Berry Monopole Scattering in the Synthetic Momentum Space of a Bilayer Photonic Crystal Slab评论： 46页，21图主题： 光学 (physics.optics) ; 中尺度与纳米尺度物理 (cond-mat.mes-hall)
贝里单极子——贝里曲率的量化源——对于拓扑相位是基本的，但它们的散射仍未被探索。 在这里，我们首次报告了在结合一个真实动量和一个合成动量的双层光子晶体板中贝里单极子的绝热散射。 两个单极子在这一混合参数空间中接近、碰撞并散射。 该过程由一个有效的耦合模模型描述，并通过全波仿真得到验证。 我们进一步提出了一种使用手性边缘态的实验方案，为探测合成光子系统中的单极子相互作用开辟了一条途径。
Berry monopoles-quantized sources of Berry curvature-are fundamental to topological phases, yet their scattering remains unexplored. Here, we report for the first time the adiabatic scattering of Berry monopoles in a bilayer photonic crystal slab combining one genuine and one synthetic momentum. Two monopoles approach, collide, and scatter within this hybrid parameter space. The process is described by an effective coupled-mode model and confirmed by full-wave simulations. We further propose an experimental scheme using chiral edge states, opening a route to probe monopole interactions in synthetic photonic systems.
- [23] arXiv:2507.17428 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 双层超表面中的模式耦合实现最大光学旋光性标题： Maximal optical chirality via mode coupling in bilayer metasurfaces评论： 20页，10图主题： 光学 (physics.optics)
最近在共振光学超表面物理方面的进展，使得通过工程设计其几何参数，实现了所谓平面结构的最大手性。 在这里，我们采用具有旋转C$_4$对称孔的正方形晶格的双层膜超表面，并通过膜的光子本征模的强耦合以及智能工程设计耗散损耗，揭示了截然不同的手性最大化的场景。 我们的发现显著扩展了适用于广泛纳米光刻技术的平面最大手性共振表面的类别，这些技术对于手性传感、手性光发射、检测和偏振转换中的超光子应用是理想的。
Recent advances in the physics of resonant optical metasurfaces allowed to realize the so-called maximum chirality of planar structures by engineering their geometric parameters. Here we employ bilayer membrane metasurfaces with a square lattice of rotated C$_4$-symmetric holes and uncover very different scenarios of chirality maximization by virtue of strong coupling of photonic eigenmodes of the membranes supplemented by smart engineering of dissipation losses. Our findings substantially expand the class of planar maximally chiral resonant surfaces feasible for widespread nanolithography techniques desired for metaphotonic applications in chiral sensing, chiral light emission, detection and polarization conversion.
- [24] arXiv:2411.12577 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 复频谱指纹：基本概念和理论标题： Complex Frequency Fingerprint: Basic Concept and Theory评论： 5+4页，3+3图，欢迎提出意见！主题： 中尺度与纳米尺度物理 (cond-mat.mes-hall) ; 光学 (physics.optics) ; 量子物理 (quant-ph)
我们引入了复频指纹（CFF），这是一种实验上可实现的方法，用于检测复频格林函数（GF）。 与实频GF不同，其中$\omega$是实数，这种复频GF在非厄米和量子多体系统中被证明起着必要作用。 对于非厄米系统，我们将证明我们的方法能够检测复频能谱、本征态和复频GF，贯穿整个复平面，提供对非厄米皮肤效应的必要识别。 对于量子多体系统，我们的方法揭示了复平面上的准粒子峰，并直观地展示了相互作用效应。 这些信息难以通过实频检测获得。 我们的方法为探索非厄米和量子多体系统中的奇异现象铺平了道路，跨越了不同物理领域的理论与实验。
We introduce the complex frequency fingerprint (CFF), an experimentally accessible method for detecting the complex frequency Green's function (GF). Unlike the real frequency GF, where $\omega$ is real, this complex frequency GF is shown to play a necessary role in both non-Hermitian and quantum many-body systems. For non-Hermitian systems, we will prove that our method detects complex energy spectra, eigenstates, and complex frequency GFs throughout the complex plane, providing necessary identification of the non-Hermitian skin effect. For quantum many-body systems, our method reveals quasiparticle peaks across the complex plane and intuitively illustrates interaction effects. This information is difficult to obtain with real frequency detection. Our method paves the way for exploring exotic phenomena in both non-Hermitian and quantum many-body systems, bridging theory and experiment across diverse physical areas.
- [25] arXiv:2412.03354 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 量子范德波尔振子的精确稳态：临界现象与增强计量学标题： Exact steady state of quantum van der Pol oscillator: critical phenomena and enhanced metrology评论： 17页，5图主题： 量子物理 (quant-ph) ; 光学 (physics.optics)
开放多体系统的量子临界性因其涌现现象和普适性而引起了广泛关注。 这里我们使用复数$P$-表示法，给出了量子范德波尔振子的精确稳态。 我们展示了阈值对应于一种耗散相变，其稳态性质出现突变，并增强了计量性能。 通过解析稳态研究了临界行为和有限尺寸效应。 此外，我们在热力学极限下，在临界点和时间晶体相中都获得了发散的量子费舍尔信息（QFI），但只有临界点的QFI接近海森堡极限。 我们进一步证明，稳态光子数是具有最大信噪比的优化估计可观测量。 我们表明，海森堡极限的计量性能源于对易率的增强大于光子数的标准差。 我们的工作揭示了时间晶体、耗散相变和增强计量之间的内在关系。
Quantum criticality of open many-body systems has attracted lots of interest for emergent phenomena and universality. Here we present the exact steady state of the quantum van der Pol oscillator using the complex $P$-representation. We show the threshold corresponds to a dissipative phase transition with abrupt changes of steady-state properties and enhanced metrology. The critical behaviors and finite-size effects are investigated through the analytical steady state. Moreover, we obtain divergent quantum Fisher information (QFI) in the thermodynamic limit both at the critical point and in the time crystal phase, but only the QFI at the critical point approaches the Heisenberg limit. We further prove that the steady-state photon number is the optimized estimated observable with the largest signal-to-noise ratio. We show that the Heisenberg-limited metrology originates from the larger enhancement of the susceptibility than the standard deviation of the photon number. Our work reveals the underlying relation between the time crystal, dissipative phase transition, and enhanced metrology.
- [26] arXiv:2507.00159 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, 其他]
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标题： 宽带光时域反射测量法用于量子密钥分发的安全性分析标题： Broadband optical time-domain reflectometry for security analysis of quantum key distributionKlim D. Bondar, Ivan S. Sushchev, Daniil D. Bulavkin, Kirill E. Bugai, Anna S. Sidelnikova, Dmitriy M. Melkonian, Veronika M. Vakhrusheva, Dmitriy A. Dvoretskiy评论： 10页，6图主题： 量子物理 (quant-ph) ; 光学 (physics.optics)
在本文中，我们提出了一种针对跨宽光谱范围的实用基于光纤的量子密钥分发（QKD）系统所遭受的 Trojan-horse 攻击（THA）的安全性分析方法。为了实现这一点，我们利用光学时域反射仪（OTDR）在近红外范围 1100 - 1800 nm 进行光谱反射率分析，具有厘米级分辨率，并且噪声底限低至 -80 dB。最后，考虑到该光谱范围内光谱反射率和透射率数据，对 THA 侧信道进行了全面的理论安全性分析。据我们所知，我们的 OTDR 设置和相应结果是在宽光谱范围内首次实现的。
In this paper, we present a method for security analysis against the Trojan-horse attacks (THA) launched to a practical fiber-based quantum key distribution (QKD) system across a wide spectral range. To achieve this, we utilize optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) for the spectral reflectance analysis in the near-infrared range 1100 - 1800 nm with centimeter-level resolution and with a noise floor down to -80 dB. Finally, the total theoretical-security analysis against the THA side channel considering the spectral reflectance and transmittance data over this spectral range is conducted. To the best of our knowledge, our OTDR setup and the corresponding results are the first of their kind in a wide spectral range.
- [27] arXiv:2507.17591 (替换) [中文pdf, pdf, html, 其他]
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标题： 使用光镊同时捕获、充电并在空气中测量微粒的电荷标题： Using optical tweezers to simultaneously trap, charge and measure the charge of a microparticle in airAndrea Stoellner, Isaac C.D. Lenton, Artem G. Volosniev, James Millen, Renjiro Shibuya, Hisao Ishii, Dmytro Rak, Zhanybek Alpichshev, Gregory David, Ruth Signorell, Caroline Muller, Scott Waitukaitis主题： 软凝聚态物理 (cond-mat.soft) ; 光学 (physics.optics)
光学镊子被广泛用作一种高灵敏度工具，用于测量微米级粒子上的力。 一种这样的应用是测量粒子的电荷，这可以在液体、空气或真空中高精度地完成。 我们实验研究了捕获激光本身如何对这样的粒子进行电荷充电，在我们的实验中是一个$\sim 1\,\mathrm{\mu m\;SiO_2}$球体在空气中。 我们将充电机制建模为一个双光子过程，该过程以高保真度再现了实验数据。
Optical tweezers are widely used as a highly sensitive tool to measure forces on micron-scale particles. One such application is the measurement of the electric charge of a particle, which can be done with high precision in liquids, air, or vacuum. We experimentally investigate how the trapping laser itself can electrically charge such a particle, in our case a $\sim 1\,\mathrm{\mu m\;SiO_2}$ sphere in air. We model the charging mechanism as a two-photon process which reproduces the experimental data with high fidelity.