Title: Design principles for super selectivity using multivalent interactions Show Chinese title

Title: 多价相互作用实现超选择性的设计原则

Abstract: Multivalent particles have the ability to form multiple bonds to a substrate. Hence, a multivalent interaction can be strong, even if the individual bonds are weak. However, much more interestingly, multivalency greatly increases the sensitivity of the particle-substrate interaction to external conditions, resulting in an ultra-sensitive and highly non-linear dependence of the binding strength on parameters such as temperature, pH or receptor concentration. In this chapter we focus on super-selectivity: the high sensitivity of the strength of multivalent binding to the number of accessible binding sites on the target surface. For example, the docking of a multivalent particle on a cell-surface can be very sensitive (super-selective) to the concentration of the receptors to which the multiple ligands can bind. We present a theoretical analysis of systems of multivalent particles and describe the mechanism by which multivalency leads to super-selectivity. We introduce a simple analytical model that allows us to predict the overall strength of interactions based on physiochemical characteristics of multivalent binders. Finally, we formulate a set of simple design rules for multivalent interactions that yield optimal selectivity. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 多价粒子能够与基底形成多个键。 因此，即使单个键较弱，多价相互作用也可以很强。 然而，更有趣的是，多价性大大增加了粒子-基底相互作用对外部条件的敏感性，导致结合强度对温度、pH值或受体浓度等参数表现出超灵敏且高度非线性的依赖关系。 在本章中，我们关注超选择性：多价结合强度对目标表面可获得的结合位点数量的高度敏感性。 例如，多价粒子在细胞表面上的对接可能对多个配体可以结合的受体浓度非常敏感（超选择性）。 我们对多价粒子系统进行了理论分析，并描述了多价性如何导致超选择性的机制。 我们引入了一个简单的解析模型，使我们能够根据多价结合物的物理化学特性预测相互作用的整体强度。 最后，我们制定了用于多价相互作用的一组简单设计规则，以实现最佳选择性。