Title: The Pan-STARRS1 distant z>5.6 quasar survey: more than 100 quasars within the first Gyr of the universe Show Chinese title

Title: 全景巡天望远镜和快速反应系统1号（Pan-STARRS1）遥远的z>5.6类星体巡天：宇宙第一 gigayear 内超过 100 个类星体

Abstract: Luminous quasars at z>5.6 can be studied in detail with the current generation of telescopes and provide us with unique information on the first gigayear of the universe. Thus far these studies have been statistically limited by the number of quasars known at these redshifts. Such quasars are rare and therefore wide-field surveys are required to identify them and multiwavelength data are needed to separate them efficiently from their main contaminants, the far more numerous cool dwarfs. In this paper, we update and extend the selection for z~6 quasars presented in Banados et al. (2014) using the Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) survey. We present the PS1 distant quasar sample, which currently consists of 124 quasars in the redshift range 5.6<z<6.7 that satisfy our selection criteria. Seventy-seven of these quasars have been discovered with PS1, and 63 of them are newly identified in this paper. We present composite spectra of the PS1 distant quasar sample. This sample spans a factor of ~20 in luminosity and shows a variety of emission line properties. The number of quasars at z>5.6 presented in this work almost double the quasars previously known at these redshifts, marking a transition phase from studies of individual sources to statistical studies of the high-redshift quasar population, which was impossible with earlier, smaller samples. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 红移 z > 5.6 的明亮类星体可以通过当前一代望远镜详细研究，并为我们提供宇宙最初十亿年的独特信息。 迄今为止，这些研究由于在这些红移处已知的类星体数量有限而受到统计上的限制。 这类类星体非常稀少，因此需要广域巡天来识别它们，并且需要多波段数据以有效地将它们与其主要污染源——数量多得多的冷矮星分离。 本文中，我们利用Pan-STARRS1（PS1）巡天更新并扩展了Banados等人（2014年）提出的红移约6类星体选择方法。 我们介绍了PS1遥远类星体样本，该样本目前由红移范围5.6 < z < 6.7内的124个满足我们选择标准的类星体组成。 其中77个类星体是通过PS1发现的，而其中63个是在本文中新确认的。 我们展示了PS1遥远类星体样本的复合光谱。 这个样本在亮度上跨度约为20倍，并表现出多种发射线特性。 本工作中展示的红移大于5.6的类星体数量几乎使之前已知的同类红移类星体数量翻倍，标志着从针对个别源的研究向高红移类星体群体的统计研究过渡，这在早期较小样本的情况下是不可能实现的。