Title: Exoplanet Populations and their Dependence on Host Star Properties Show Chinese title

Title: 系外行星族群及其对宿主恒星属性的依赖

Abstract: Exoplanets around different types of stars provide a window into the diverse environments in which planets form. This chapter describes the observed relations between exoplanet populations and stellar properties and how they connect to planet formation in protoplanetary disks. Giant planets occur more frequently around more metal-rich and more massive stars. These findings support the core accretion theory of planet formation, in which the cores of giant planets form more rapidly in more solid-rich and more gas-rich protoplanetary disks. Smaller planets, those with sizes roughly between Earth and Neptune, exhibit different scaling relations with stellar properties. These planets orbit stars with a range of metallicities and occur more frequently around lower mass stars, indicating that planet formation takes place in a wide range of environments. Within M dwarfs, both radial velocity and transit surveys show that planets are smaller and located closer to the star when the stellar mass is lower. Additions to the core accretion model, in particular pebble accretion, have shown success in explaining the enhanced planet formation efficiency around low mass stars. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 围绕不同类型的恒星的系外行星为我们提供了一个了解行星形成多样环境的窗口。 本章描述了系外行星群体与恒星属性之间的观测关系以及它们如何与原行星盘中的行星形成相联系。 巨行星在金属丰度更高和质量更大的恒星周围出现得更频繁。 这些发现支持了核心吸积的行星形成理论，在该理论中，巨行星的核心在固态物质更丰富和气态物质更丰富的原行星盘中形成得更快。 较小的行星，其大小大致介于地球和海王星之间，与恒星属性表现出不同的比例关系。 这些行星绕着具有各种金属丰度的恒星运行，并且在较低质量的恒星周围出现得更频繁，表明行星形成发生在广泛的环境中。 在M矮星中，径向速度和凌日巡天都显示，当恒星质量较低时，行星体积更小并且离恒星更近。 核心吸积模型的补充，特别是砾石吸积，已经成功地解释了低质量恒星周围行星形成效率增强的现象。