Title: Sensitivity of nuclear statistical equilibrium to nuclear uncertainties during stellar core collapse Show Chinese title

Title: 核统计平衡在恒星核心坍缩期间对核不确定性的敏感性

Abstract: I have systematically investigated the equations of state (EOSs) in nuclear statistical equilibrium under thermodynamic conditions relevant for core collapse of massive stars by varying the bulk properties of nuclear matter, the mass data for neutron-rich nuclei, and the finite-temperature modifications of the nuclear model. It is found that the temperature dependence of the nuclear free energies has a significant impact on the entropy and nuclear composition, which affect the dynamics of core-collapse supernovae. There is a little influence from the bulk properties and the mass data. For all models, common nuclei that are likely to contribute to core-deleptonization are those near $Z\approx30$ and $N\approx50$. A model with a semi-empirical expression for internal degrees of freedom, however, overestimates the number densities of magic nuclei with $N\approx50$ and $82$, while a model, in which nuclear shell effects are not considered, underestimates the number densities of heavy nuclei, and especially of the magic nuclei. Other models, which include the temperature dependence of shell effects in the internal degrees of freedom and/or in the nuclear internal free energy, indicate that the difference in population between magic nuclei and non-magic nuclei disappears as the temperature increases. The construction of complete statistical EOS will require further theoretical and experimental studies of medium-mass, neutron-rich nuclei with proton numbers 25-45 and neutron numbers 40-85. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 我通过改变核物质的整体性质、富含中子的核的质量数据以及核模型的有限温度修正，系统地研究了在大质量恒星核心坍缩相关热力学条件下核统计平衡的状态方程（EOSs）。 发现核自由能的温度依赖性对熵和核组成有显著影响，这会影响核心坍缩超新星的动力学。 整体性质和质量数据的影响较小。 对于所有模型，可能对核心去重子化做出贡献的常见核是接近 $Z\approx30$ 和 $N\approx50$的核。 然而，具有内部自由度半经验表达式的模型会高估具有 $N\approx50$ 和 $82$的幻数核的数量密度，而未考虑核壳效应的模型则会低估重核，尤其是幻数核的数量密度。 其他包括内部自由度和/或核内自由能中壳效应温度依赖性的模型表明，随着温度升高，幻数核与非幻数核之间的种群差异会消失。 构建完整的统计状态方程需要进一步对质子数为25-45和中子数为40-85的中等质量、富含中子的核进行理论和实验研究。