Title: Extremely Large-scale Array Systems: Near-Field Codebook Design and Performance Analysis Show Chinese title

Title: 超大规模阵列系统：近场码本设计与性能分析

Abstract: Extremely Large-scale Array (ELAA) promises to deliver ultra-high data rates with increased antenna elements. However, increasing antenna elements leads to a wider realm of near-field, which challenges the traditional design of codebooks. In this paper, we propose novel near-field codebook schemes based on the fitting formula of codewords' quantization performance. First, we analyze the quantization performance properties of uniform linear array (ULA) and uniform planar array (UPA) codewords. Our findings reveal an intriguing property: the correlation formula for ULA codewords can be represented by the elliptic formula, while the correlation formula for UPA codewords can be approximated using the ellipsoid formula. Building on this insight, we propose a ULA uniform codebook that maximizes the minimum correlation based on the derived formula. Moreover, we introduce a ULA dislocation codebook to further reduce quantization overhead. Continuing our exploration, we propose UPA uniform and dislocation codebook schemes. Our investigation demonstrates that oversampling in the angular domain offers distinct advantages, achieving heightened accuracy while minimizing overhead in quantifying near-field channels. Numerical results demonstrate the appealing advantages of the proposed codebook over existing methods in decreasing quantization overhead and increasing quantization accuracy. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 超大规模阵列（ELAA）有望通过增加天线元素提供超高速数据速率。 然而，增加天线元素会导致近场区域更广，这挑战了传统码本的设计。 在本文中，我们提出基于码字量化性能拟合公式的新型近场码本方案。 首先，我们分析了均匀线性阵列（ULA）和均匀平面阵列（UPA）码字的量化性能特性。 我们的研究发现了一个有趣的特性：ULA码字的相关性公式可以用椭圆公式表示，而UPA码字的相关性公式可以用椭球公式近似。 基于这一见解，我们提出了一种基于推导公式的最大化最小相关性的ULA均匀码本。 此外，我们引入了一种ULA偏移码本以进一步减少量化开销。 继续我们的探索，我们提出了UPA的均匀和偏移码本方案。 我们的研究证明，在角度域进行过采样具有显著优势，在量化近场信道时实现了更高的精度并最小化了开销。 数值结果表明，所提出的码本在减少量化开销和提高量化精度方面相对于现有方法具有明显的优势。