Title: Optimal Real-Weighted Beamforming With Application to Linear and Spherical Arrays Show Chinese title

Title: 最优实权重波束成形及其在直线阵列和球面阵列中的应用

Abstract: One of the uses of sensor arrays is for spatial filtering or beamforming. Current digital signal processing methods facilitate complex-weighted beamforming, providing flexibility in array design. Previous studies proposed the use of real-valued beamforming weights, which although reduce flexibility in design, may provide a range of benefits, e.g., simplified beamformer implementation or efficient beamforming algorithms. This paper presents a new method for the design of arrays with real-valued weights, that achieve maximum directivity, providing closed-form solution to array weights. The method is studied for linear and spherical arrays, where it is shown that rigid spherical arrays are particularly suitable for real-weight designs as they do not suffer from grating lobes, a dominant feature in linear arrays with real weights. A simulation study is presented for linear and spherical arrays, along with an experimental investigation, validating the theoretical developments. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 传感器阵列的一个用途是空间滤波或波束成形。 当前的数字信号处理方法促进了复数加权波束成形，为阵列设计提供了灵活性。 以往的研究提出了使用实数值波束成形权重，尽管这在设计中减少了灵活性，但可能提供一系列优势，例如简化波束成形器的实现或高效的波束成形算法。 本文提出了一种用于设计具有实数值权重的阵列的新方法，该方法实现了最大方向性，并提供了阵列权重的闭式解。 该方法研究了线性阵列和球形阵列，结果表明刚性球形阵列特别适合实数权重设计，因为它们不会受到栅瓣的影响，这是具有实数权重的线性阵列的一个主要特征。 本文对线性阵列和球形阵列进行了仿真研究，并进行了实验验证，以验证理论成果。