Title: Landscape of nuclear deformation softness with spherical quasi-particle random phase approximation Show Chinese title

Title: 球形准粒子随机相位近似的核变形柔软性图景

Abstract: We investigate the stability and softness of nuclei against quadrupole, octupole, and hexadecapole deformation. By applying the spherical Skyrme-force Hartree-Fock Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer quasi-particle random phase approximation, we diagnose ground-state deformation when imaginary solutions are obtained, i.e., the spherical ground state {\em collapses}. We also calculate the multipole polarizability in spherical nuclei with no collapse, as a measure of softness. This numerically light and theoretically sound method is found able to capture deformation patterns across the nuclide chart. The connection between the intrinsic shape of nuclei and the dynamics of their low-lying collective states is established and the role of shell structure is discussed. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 我们研究了原子核在四极、八极和十六极形变下的稳定性和软度。通过应用球形Skyrme力的Hartree-Fock Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer准粒子随机相位近似方法，当获得虚数解时（即球形基态{\em 崩溃了}），诊断了基态形变。我们还计算了无塌缩球形原子核的多极极化率，以此作为软度的量度。发现这种数值简便且理论上可靠的方 法能够捕捉元素周期表中的形变模式。建立了原子核固有形状与它们低能集体激发态动力学之间的联系，并讨论了壳层结构的作用。