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High Energy Physics - Phenomenology

arXiv:2502.14036 (hep-ph)
[Submitted on 19 Feb 2025 (v1) , last revised 27 Feb 2025 (this version, v2)]

Title: Isolating Unisolated Upsilons with Anomaly Detection in CMS Open Data

Title: 在CMS开放数据中使用异常检测隔离未隔离的 upsilons

Authors:Rikab Gambhir, Radha Mastandrea, Benjamin Nachman, Jesse Thaler
Abstract: We present the first study of anti-isolated Upsilon decays to two muons ($\Upsilon \to \mu^+ \mu^-$) in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. Using a machine learning (ML)-based anomaly detection strategy, we "rediscover" the $\Upsilon$ in 13 TeV CMS Open Data from 2016, despite overwhelming anti-isolated backgrounds. We elevate the signal significance to $6.4 \sigma$ using these methods, starting from $1.6 \sigma$ using the dimuon mass spectrum alone. Moreover, we demonstrate improved sensitivity from using an ML-based estimate of the multi-feature likelihood compared to traditional "cut-and-count" methods. Our work demonstrates that it is possible and practical to find real signals in experimental collider data using ML-based anomaly detection, and we distill a readily-accessible benchmark dataset from the CMS Open Data to facilitate future anomaly detection developments.
Abstract: 我们首次研究了在大型强子对撞机上的质子-质子碰撞中,反隔离的Upsilon衰变到两个缪子($\Upsilon \to \mu^+ \mu^-$)的情况。 使用基于机器学习(ML)的异常检测策略,尽管存在大量的反隔离背景,我们仍“重新发现”了$\Upsilon$,这是来自2016年13 TeV CMS开放数据中的结果。 我们通过这些方法将信号显著性提升至$6.4 \sigma$,从仅使用双缪子质量谱的$1.6 \sigma$开始。 此外,我们展示了使用基于机器学习的多特征似然估计相比传统的“剪切和计数”方法可以提高灵敏度。 我们的工作表明,使用基于机器学习的异常检测方法在实验对撞机数据中找到真实信号是可行且实际的,并且我们从CMS开放数据中提炼出一个易于访问的基准数据集,以促进未来异常检测的发展。
Comments: 5+3 pages, 4 figures; v2: minor changes. Code available at https://github.com/hep-lbdl/dimuonAD/
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) ; High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex); Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
Cite as: arXiv:2502.14036 [hep-ph]
  (or arXiv:2502.14036v2 [hep-ph] for this version)
  https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.14036
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite
Journal reference: MIT-CTP 5843
Related DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/vvv3-5kkl
DOI(s) linking to related resources

Submission history

From: Radha Mastandrea [view email]
[v1] Wed, 19 Feb 2025 19:00:02 UTC (2,407 KB)
[v2] Thu, 27 Feb 2025 18:15:45 UTC (2,408 KB)
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