Title: A thermodynamically consistent free-energy lattice Boltzmann model: Incorporating generalized equilibria derived from the color-gradient approach Show Chinese title

Title: 一个热力学一致的自由能格子玻尔兹曼模型：结合从颜色梯度方法推导出的广义平衡态

Abstract: We extend the chemical-potential-based free-energy lattice Boltzmann (LB) model of Li et al. [Phys. Rev. E 103, 013304 (2021)] by integrating generalized equilibria, originally formulated for the color-gradient LB model using sixth-order Hermite polynomials [Saito et al., Phys Rev E 108, 065305 (2023)], into a thermodynamically consistent framework. Our model is formulated on a three-dimensional D3Q27 lattice with a central-moment collision scheme, simplifying implementation and improving Galilean invariance. Numerical tests, including flat-interface equilibrium, stationary and moving droplets in free space, and wetting on solid surfaces, confirm the model's capability to accurately simulate multiphase phenomena while maintaining strict thermodynamic consistency. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 我们扩展了李等人提出的基于化学势的自由能格子玻尔兹曼（LB）模型[Phys. Rev. E 103, 013304 (2021)]，通过将广义平衡态（最初针对使用六阶埃尔米特多项式的颜色梯度LB模型提出[Saito等，Phys. Rev. E 108, 065305 (2023)]）整合到一个热力学一致的框架中。我们的模型基于三维D3Q27格子，并采用中心矩碰撞方案，简化了实现过程并提高了伽利略不变性。数值测试，包括平面界面平衡态、自由空间中的静止和移动液滴以及固体表面润湿现象，验证了该模型在准确模拟多相现象的同时保持严格的热力学一致性能力。