Title: The Herschel-SPIRE Dark Field -- II. A P(D) fluctuation analysis of the deepest Herschel image of the submillimetre universe Show Chinese title

Title: 赫歇尔-SPIRE 暗场 -- II。 对亚毫米波宇宙最深赫歇尔图像的 P(D) 波动分析

Abstract: The Herschel-SPIRE Dark Field is the deepest field produced by the SPIRE instrument pushing down below the galaxy confusion limit in each of the 250, 350, 500 $\mu$m bands. Standard source extraction techniques inevitably fail because of this, and we must turn to statistical methods. Here, we present a P(D) - probability of deflection - analysis of a 12$'$ diameter region of uniform coverage at the centre of the Herschel-SPIRE Dark Field. Comparing the distribution of pixel fluxes from our observations to the distributions predicted by current literature models, we find that none of the most recent models can accurately recreate our observations. Using a P(D) analysis, we produce a fitted differential source count spline with a bump in the source counts at faint flux densities, followed by a turnover at fainter fluxes, required to fit the observations. This indicates a possible missing component from the current literature models that could be interpreted perhaps as a new population of galaxies, or a missing aspect of galaxy evolution. Taking our best-fitting results, we also calculate the contribution to the cosmic infrared background (CIB) in each of the bands, which all agree with the Planck CIB measurements in this field. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 赫歇尔-SPIRE暗场是SPIRE仪器产生的最深的场，在250、350、500$\mu$微米波段中，其深度超过了星系混淆极限。 由于这一点，标准的源提取技术不可避免地会失败，我们必须转向统计方法。 在这里，我们展示了一个12$'$直径区域的P(D) - 偏转概率 - 分析，该区域位于赫歇尔-SPIRE暗场中心的均匀覆盖区域。 将我们的观测结果中的像素通量分布与当前文献模型预测的分布进行比较，我们发现最新的模型都无法准确再现我们的观测结果。 使用P(D)分析，我们生成了一个拟合的微分源计数样条，在较暗的通量密度处有源计数的峰，随后在更暗的通量处出现转折，以适应观测结果。 这表明当前的文献模型可能缺少一个成分，这或许可以解释为新的星系群体，或者星系演化中缺失的一个方面。 根据我们最佳拟合的结果，我们还计算了每个波段对宇宙红外背景（CIB）的贡献，这些结果在该领域内均与普朗克CIB测量结果一致。