Title: Self-Sustaining Multi-Sensor LoRa-Based Activity Monitoring for Community Workout Parks Show Chinese title

Title: 基于LoRa的社区健身公园自维持多传感器活动监测

Abstract: With the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT), more sensors are deployed around us, covering a wide range of applications from industry and agriculture to urban environments such as smart cities. Throughout these applications the sensors collect data of various characteristics and support city planners and decision-makers in their work processes, ultimately maximizing the impact of public funds. This paper introduces the design and implementation of a self-sustaining wireless sensor node designed to continuously monitor the utilization of community street workout parks. The proposed sensor node monitors activity by leveraging acceleration data capturing micro-vibrations that propagate through the steel structures of the workout equipment. This allows us to detect activity duration with an average measured error of only 2.8 seconds. The sensor is optimized with an energy-aware, adaptive sampling and transmission algorithm which, in combination with the Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN), reduces power consumption to just 1.147 mW in normal operation and as low as 0.712 mW in low-power, standby mode allowing 46 days of battery runtime. In addition, the integrated energy-harvesting circuit was tested in the field. By monitoring the battery voltage for multiple days, it was shown that the sensor is capable of operating sustainably year-round without external power sources. To evaluate the sensor effectiveness, we conducted a week-long field test in Zurich, placing sensors at various street workout parks throughout the city. Analysis of the collected data revealed clear patterns in park usage depending on day and location. This dataset is made publicly available through our online dashboard. Finally, we showcase the potential of IoT for city applications in combination with an accessible data interface for decision-makers. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 随着物联网（IoT）的兴起，越来越多的传感器被部署在我们周围，覆盖了从工业和农业到智慧城市等广泛应用。 在这些应用中，传感器收集各种特征的数据，并支持城市规划者和决策者在其工作流程中，最终最大化公共资金的影响。 本文介绍了设计和实现一种自维持的无线传感器节点，用于持续监测社区健身公园的使用情况。 所提出的传感器节点通过利用捕捉器械钢制结构微振动的加速度数据来监控活动。 这使得我们能够检测活动时长，平均测量误差仅为2.8秒。 该传感器优化了一个能量感知、自适应采样和传输算法，结合远距离广域网（LoRaWAN），在正常运行下功耗仅为1.147毫瓦，在低功耗、待机模式下最低可达0.712毫瓦，允许电池运行46天。 此外，集成的能量收集电路已经在现场进行了测试。 通过监测多天的电池电压，显示该传感器能够在没有外部电源的情况下全年可持续运行。 为了评估传感器的有效性，我们在苏黎世进行了为期一周的现场测试，在城市的各个街边健身公园放置了传感器。 对收集的数据分析显示了根据日期和地点的不同而使用的公园模式。 这个数据集通过我们的在线仪表板公开提供。 最后，我们展示了物联网在城市应用中的潜力，并结合了决策者的可访问数据接口。