Title: NUTRIG: Development of a Novel Radio Self-Trigger for GRAND Show Chinese title

Title: NUTRIG：GRAND新型无线电自触发开发

Abstract: The NUTRIG project is dedicated to the development of advanced radio self-trigger methods for large-scale arrays such as the Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND). The developed techniques are based on features of the radio emission of air showers to perform an efficient online rejection of background. We first describe a first-level trigger (FLT) template-matching method that uses the shape of transient radio pulses measured at the detection-unit level to target those induced by air showers. We present trigger efficiencies and throughput tests of the template-matching FLT in controlled laboratory conditions. Next, we describe the second-level trigger (SLT), which utilizes the measured FLT times and corresponding voltage amplitudes to construct a trigger at the array level. We present offline performances of the SLT, which performs a coarse reconstruction of timing, direction, and polarization of the air shower. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: NUTRIG项目致力于开发用于大型阵列（如中微子探测巨型射电阵列GRAND）的先进无线电自触发方法。 所开发的技术基于空气簇射的无线电辐射特征，以实现对背景的有效在线排除。 我们首先描述一种第一级触发（FLT）模板匹配方法，该方法利用在探测单元级别测量的瞬态无线电脉冲的形状来针对由空气簇射引起的信号。 我们展示了在受控实验室条件下模板匹配FLT的触发效率和吞吐量测试。 接下来，我们描述第二级触发（SLT），该触发利用测量的FLT时间和相应的电压幅度在阵列级别构建触发。 我们展示了SLT的离线性能，该性能对空气簇射的时间、方向和极化进行粗略重建。