Title: Long Term Study of Sedimentation and Biofouling at Cascadia Basin, the Site of the Pacific Ocean Neutrino Experiment Show Chinese title

Title: 卡斯卡迪亚盆地长期沉积和生物污染研究，太平洋海洋中中微子实验的地点

Abstract: We present a study of the effects of biofouling and sedimentation on pathfinder instrumentation for the Pacific Ocean Neutrino Experiment (P-ONE), which will be located in the Cascadia Basin region of the North Pacific Ocean. P-ONE will look for high-energy neutrinos by observing the light produced when these neutrinos interact in the water, detecting and digitizing single photon signals in the ultraviolet-visible range. We measure that biofouling and sedimentation caused a decrease in the transparency of upward-facing optical surfaces over 5 years of operations. A majority of downward-facing optical surfaces, which will dominate P-ONE's sensitivity to astrophysical sources, showed no visible biofouling. Extrapolations motivated by biological growth models estimated that these losses started around 2.5 years after deployment, and suggest a final equilibrium transparency ranging between 0$\%$ and 35$\%$ of the original for the upward-facing modules. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 我们对太平洋中微子实验（P-ONE）的导航仪仪器在太平洋海洋中的生物污损和沉积物影响进行了研究，该实验将位于北太平洋的卡斯卡迪亚盆地区域。 P-ONE将通过观察这些中微子在水中相互作用时产生的光来寻找高能中微子，并在紫外可见范围内检测和数字化单光子信号。 我们测量到，在5年的运行过程中，生物污损和沉积物导致面向上的光学表面的透明度下降。 大多数面向下的光学表面，这些表面将主导P-ONE对天体物理源的灵敏度，没有显示出可见的生物污损。 基于生物生长模型的外推估计，这些损失大约在部署后2.5年开始，并表明面向上的模块最终平衡透明度在原始值的0$\%$到35$\%$之间。