Title: Long Term Study of Sedimentation and Biofouling at Cascadia Basin, the Site of the Pacific Ocean Neutrino Experiment Show Chinese title

Title: 卡斯卡迪亚盆地长期沉积和生物污染研究，太平洋海洋中中微子实验的地点

Abstract: STRings for Absorption Length in Water (STRAW)-a and b were pathfinder instruments deployed to characterize the anticipated site of the Pacific Ocean Neutrino Experiment (P-ONE), which is a future neutrino telescope that will be located in the North Pacific Ocean. Measurements of the evolution of the optical transmission efficiency from STRAW-a showed a decline over the detector's lifetime for the upward-facing modules. Video footage of the pathfinders strongly suggested this decline was caused by biofouling and sedimentation. We measure the effect of biofouling and sedimentation to be a decrease in the transparency of upward-facing optical surfaces over 5 years of operations. A majority of downward-facing optical surfaces, which will dominate P-ONE's sensitivity to astrophysical sources, showed no visible biofouling. Extrapolations motivated by biological growth models estimated that these losses started around 2.5 years after deployment, and suggest a reduction in transparency ranging from 35$\%$ of the original to complete obscuration for the upward-facing modules. Samples of biofouling were taken in order to identify the microbial diversity of these organisms and inform potential intervention strategies. Results of the microbial samples and a candidate anti-biofouling strategy that will be tested on upcoming P-ONE instruments are discussed. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: STRings for Absorption Length in Water (STRAW)-a和b是用于表征太平洋海洋中预期的中微子实验（P-ONE）地点的先导仪器，P-ONE是一项未来将位于北太平洋的中微子望远镜。 STRAW-a的光学传输效率演变测量显示，对于朝上模块，在探测器的使用寿命内出现了下降。 先导仪器的视频记录强烈表明，这种下降是由生物污染和沉积引起的。 我们测量到生物污染和沉积的影响是在5年的运行过程中，朝上光学表面的透明度下降。 大多数朝下光学表面，这些表面将主导P-ONE对天体物理源的灵敏度，没有显示出可见的生物污染。 由生物生长模型激发的外推估计，这些损耗在部署后约2.5年开始，并表明朝上模块的透明度减少范围从原始值的35$\%$到完全遮蔽。 为了确定这些生物污染的微生物多样性并提供潜在干预策略的信息，采集了生物污染样本。 讨论了微生物样本的结果以及将在即将到来的P-ONE仪器上测试的一种候选抗生物污染策略。