Title: Solar Vortices as Conduits for Magnetoacoustic Waves: Multi-Layer Coupling and Their Role in Atmospheric Heating Show Chinese title

Title: 太阳漩涡作为磁声波的通道：多层耦合及其在大气加热中的作用

Abstract: The Sun's atmosphere hosts swirling plasma structures, known as solar vortices, which have long been thought to channel wave energy into higher layers. Until now, no direct observations have confirmed their role in the heating of the atmosphere. Here, we present the first direct evidence that solar vortices act as structured waveguides, carrying magnetoacoustic modes (waves that behave like sound waves but travel through magnetized plasma) that leave clear wave-heating signatures. By mapping vortex regions at multiple heights and analysing the waves they contain, we show that magnetoacoustic waves efficiently transfer energy, offset losses from radiation, and dominate energy transport in the lower chromosphere. These results challenge the long-standing assumption that vortices primarily support twisting disturbances traveling along magnetic field lines (Alfven waves), revealing instead that magnetoacoustic modes play the leading role in the lower atmosphere. This redefines the role of vortices in magnetized plasmas and has broader implications for wave-plasma interactions in regions of strong magnetic fields. Show Chinese abstract

Abstract: 太阳的大气层中存在旋转的等离子体结构，称为太阳漩涡，长期以来被认为能够将波能导入更高层次。 直到现在，还没有直接观测证实它们在大气加热中的作用。 在这里，我们提供了第一个直接证据，表明太阳漩涡作为结构化的波导，携带磁声模式（行为像声波但通过磁化等离子体传播的波），这些波留下清晰的波加热特征。 通过在多个高度映射漩涡区域并分析它们包含的波，我们表明磁声波有效地传递能量，抵消辐射损失，并在低色球层中主导能量传输。 这些结果挑战了长期以来的假设，即漩涡主要支持沿磁场线传播的扭转扰动（阿尔芬波），而是揭示磁声模式在低层大气中起主导作用。 这重新定义了漩涡在磁化等离子体中的作用，并对强磁场区域的波-等离子体相互作用具有更广泛的意义。