标题： 轴子源超新星火球 显示英文标题

标题： Axion-sourced fireballs from supernovae

摘要： 新的弱相互作用粒子将从超新星核心以100兆电子伏范围的能量出现，并通过随后的衰变产生$\gamma$射线。这些射线会贡献于弥漫的宇宙$\gamma$射线背景，或者会在太阳最大任务（SMM）卫星上从SN~1987A中显现出来。然而，我们以轴子样粒子（ALPs）为例说明，即使在远离母星的距离，衰变光子可能也无法逃逸，而是形成一个火球，即具有$T\lesssim 1$兆电子伏的等离子体壳层。因此，现有的论点并不能排除具有几个10兆电子伏质量以及几个$10^{-10}~{\rm GeV}^{-1}$两光子耦合的ALPs。然而，能量应该会在亚兆电子伏光子中显现，而这些光子在先锋金星轨道器（PVO）上并未从SN 1987A中观测到，再次关闭了这一新的窗口。对于以类似方式受到限制的其他粒子，需要进行仔细的重新评估。 显示英文摘要

摘要： New feebly interacting particles would emerge from a supernova core with 100-MeV-range energies and produce $\gamma$-rays by subsequent decays. These would contribute to the diffuse cosmic $\gamma$-ray background or would have shown up in the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) satellite from SN~1987A. However, we show for the example of axion-like particles (ALPs) that, even at distances beyond the progenitor star, the decay photons may not escape, and can instead form a fireball, a plasma shell with $T\lesssim 1$ MeV. Thus, existing arguments do not exclude ALPs with few 10 MeV masses and a two-photon coupling of a few $10^{-10}~{\rm GeV}^{-1}$. However, the energy would have showed up in sub-MeV photons, which were not seen from SN 1987A in the Pioneer Venus Orbiter (PVO), closing again this new window. A careful re-assessment is required for other particles that were constrained in similar ways.