标题： 用欧洲脉冲星计时阵列第二数据发布来限制超轻标量暗物质耦合 显示英文标题

标题： Constraining ultralight scalar dark matter couplings with the European Pulsar Timing Array second data release

摘要： 脉冲星计时阵列（PTAs）提供了一种独立的方法来搜索超轻暗物质（ULDM），其波动特性会在射电脉冲到达时间中引起周期性振荡。 除了这种引力效应外，ULDM与普通物质的直接耦合会导致脉冲星自转波动和参考时钟偏移，从而在PTAs中产生可观测效应。 欧洲脉冲星计时阵列（EPTA）的第二数据发布表明，仅基于引力效应，ULDM无法解释质量范围$m_{\phi} \in [10^{-24.0}, 10^{-23.3}] \text{ eV}$内的所有暗物质。 在本研究中，我们通过考虑引力和耦合效应来推导耦合系数的限制。 我们的结果表明，EPTA对这些耦合的限制比以前的PTA实验更强，并且与其它精确实验（如原子钟实验）相比，提供了相似甚至更严格的限制。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) offer an independent method for searching for ultralight dark matter (ULDM), whose wavelike nature induces periodic oscillations in the arrival times of radio pulses. In addition to this gravitational effect, the direct coupling between ULDM and ordinary matter results in pulsar spin fluctuations and reference clock shifts, leading to observable effects in PTAs. The second data release from the European PTA (EPTA) indicates that ULDM cannot account for all dark matter in the mass range $m_{\phi} \in [10^{-24.0}, 10^{-23.3}] \text{ eV}$ based solely on gravitational effects. In this work, we derive constraints on the coupling coefficients by considering both gravitational and coupling effects. Our results demonstrate that EPTA provides stronger constraints on these couplings than previous PTA experiments, and it establishes similar or even tighter constraints compared to other precise experiments, such as atomic clock experiments.