标题： 弦理论对偶性 显示英文标题

标题： String Theory Dualities

摘要： 过去一年在弦理论方面取得了巨大进展。 已经明确，所有不同的弦理论都是单一理论的不同极限。 此外，在某些极限情况下，会得到一个被称为$M$-理论的新十一维结构。 具有不寻常边界条件的弦，称为D膜，实际上是弦理论的孤子解。 这些解为探究这些理论的结构提供了强有力的工具。 最显著的是，它们在一致的量子力学框架下对黑洞热力学提供了部分理解。 在这次简短的演讲中，我试图介绍这些进展的一些特点。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The past year has seen enormous progress in string theory. It has become clear that all of the different string theories are different limits of a single theory. Moreover, in certain limits, one obtains a new, eleven-dimensional structure known as $M$-theory. Strings with unusual boundary conditions, known as D-branes, turn out to be soliton solutions of string theory. These have provided a powerful tool to probe the structure of these theories. Most dramatically, they have yielded a partial understanding of the thermodynamics of black holes in a consistent quantum mechanical framework. In this brief talk, I attempt to give some flavor of these developments.