标题： 磁电多铁材料：从基础到变革性应用——简要综述 显示英文标题

标题： Magnetoelectric multiferroics: from fundamentals to transformative applications -- a mini review

摘要： 多铁材料结合铁电和磁序，使磁电（ME）耦合成为可能，用于先进应用。 这篇简要综述探讨了单相和复合多铁材料，考察驱动ME效应的表观、微观、纳米结构和量子机制。 表观模型量化耦合系数，而微观方法揭示自旋-晶格相互作用，包括受挫自旋态和Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya贡献。 纳米结构系统，如等离子体斯格明子晶格和超表面，增强ME效应以实现可调双折射和电磁子放大。 量子热机利用手性链和斯格明子晶格中的自旋纠缠和拓扑保护以实现高效的能量转换。 应用包括高灵敏度磁传感器、可调射频器件、节能MERAM、能量收集器、量子热机和热二极管。 未来研究旨在优化室温下的ME耦合、可扩展性、相干性和生物相容性，以在传感、量子计算和可持续能源领域实现创新。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Multiferroics, combining ferroelectric and magnetic orders, enable magnetoelectric (ME) coupling for advanced applications. This mini review explores single-phase and composite multiferroics, examining phenomenological, microscopic, nanostruc-tured, and quantum mechanisms driving ME effects. Phenomenological models quantify coupling coefficients, while microscopic approaches reveal spin-lattice in-teractions, including frustrated spin states and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya contributions. Nanostructured systems, such as plasmonic skyrmion lattices and metasurfaces, en-hance ME effects for tunable birefringence and electromagnon amplification. Quan-tum heat engines utilize spin entanglement and topological protection in chiral chains and skyrmion lattices for efficient energy conversion. Applications include high-sensitivity magnetic sensors, tunable radio-frequency devices, energy-efficient MERAM, energy harvesters, quantum heat engines, and thermal diodes. Future re-search aims to optimize room-temperature ME coupling, scalability, coherence, and biocompatibility for innovations in sensing, quantum computing, and sustainable energy.