标题： 纤维激光水听器用于宇宙射线粒子探测 显示英文标题

标题： Fibre laser hydrophones for cosmic ray particle detection

摘要： 超高能宇宙中微子的探测提供了一种独特的方法来搜寻加速粒子至极端能量的河外源。 它使得研究宇宙射线能谱中的GZK截断中中微子成分以及超越这一极限的中微子成为可能。 由于中微子预期通量低且与物质的相互作用截面小，需要大型实验装置来进行此类研究。 声学探测宇宙射线可能为超高能中微子的探测提供一种手段。 利用水中声波吸收相对较低的特点，在深海中可以实现大型实验装置，从而能够探测到这些极为稀有的事件，但这要求使用高灵敏度的水听器，因为由水中的粒子簇射产生的热声脉冲典型幅值仅为毫帕斯卡（mPa）量级。 在特性测量中已证明，TNO设计和实现的光纤水听器技术提供了所需的灵敏度。 进行了噪声测量和脉冲重建，表明该水听器适合作为粒子探测器。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The detection of ultra high energetic cosmic neutrinos provides a unique means to search for extragalactic sources that accelerate particles to extreme energies. It allows to study the neutrino component of the GZK cut-off in the cosmic ray energy spectrum and the search for neutrinos beyond this limit. Due to low expected flux and small interaction cross-section of neutrinos with matter large experimental set-ups are needed to conduct this type of research. Acoustic detection of cosmic rays may provide a means for the detection of ultra-high energetic neutrinos. Using relative low absorption of sound in water, large experimental set-ups in the deep sea are possible that are able to detect these most rare events, but it requires highly sensitive hydrophones as the thermo-acoustic pulse originating from a particle shower in water has a typical amplitude as low as a mPa. It has been shown in characterisation measurements that the fibre optic hydrophone technology as designed and realised at TNO provides the required sensitivity. Noise measurements and pulse reconstruction have been conducted that show that the hydrophone is suited as a particle detector.