标题： 液氩闪烁脉冲形状的测量，使用相干CAPTAIN-Mills实验中的可微分模拟 显示英文标题

标题： Measurement of the Liquid Argon Scintillation Pulse Shape Using Differentiable Simulation in the Coherent CAPTAIN-Mills Experiment

摘要： 相干CAPTAIN-Mills（CCM）实验是一种液氩（LAr）光收集探测器，用于寻找MeV尺度中微子和标准模型之外的物理信号。 二百个8英寸光电倍增管（PMTs）安装在7吨有效体积内，具有50%的光电阴极覆盖面积，以检测带电粒子产生的光。 与其它检测技术相比，CCM基于光的方法降低了LAr纯度的要求，使得亚MeV粒子可以在没有额外LAr过滤的情况下可靠地被检测到，并且含有O(1)百万分率的常见污染物。 我们呈现了一个测量结果，即从MeV尺度电磁事件样本中获得的LAr光产生和传播参数及其不确定性。 通过可微分的光学光子蒙特卡洛模拟和详细的PMT响应表征，优化了这个高维参数空间。 该结果准确预测了由于闪烁和切连科夫辐射在探测器中光的时间和空间分布。 这是首次描述LAr中的光传播，包括以下几种效应：近紫外共振处折射率的异常色散、杂质引起的米氏散射以及切连科夫光的产生。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The Coherent CAPTAIN-Mills (CCM) experiment is a liquid argon (LAr) light collection detector searching for MeV-scale neutrino and Beyond Standard Model physics signatures. Two hundred 8-inch photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) instrument the 7 ton fiducial volume with 50% photocathode coverage to detect light produced by charged particles. CCM's light-based approach reduces requirements of LAr purity, compared to other detection technologies, such that sub-MeV particles can be reliably detected without additional LAr filtration and with O(1) parts-per-million of common contaminants. We present a measurement of LAr light production and propagation parameters, with uncertainties, obtained from a sample of MeV-scale electromagnetic events. The optimization of this high-dimensional parameter space was facilitated by a differentiable optical photon Monte-Carlo simulation, and detailed PMT response characterization. This result accurately predicts the timing and spatial distribution of light due to scintillation and Cherenkov emission in the detector. This is the first description of photon propagation in LAr to include several effects, including: anomalous dispersion of the index of refraction near the ultraviolet resonance, Mie scattering from impurities, and Cherenkov light production.