标题： 连续性状最小矛盾法的系统发育应用 显示英文标题

标题： Phylogenetic Applications of the Minimum Contradiction Approach on Continuous Characters

摘要： 我们描述了一组连续变量或特征可以被表述为X-树或分裂网络的条件。 一个距离矩阵如果在分类单元排序后，变量值可以嵌入到最多只有一个局部最大值和局部最小值的函数中，并且任意水平线最多与该函数相交两次，则它恰好对应于一个分裂网络或赋值X-树。 在实际应用中，可以通过最小矛盾法获得最能满足上述条件的分类单元顺序。 这种方法被应用于两组连续特征。 第一组对应于人科动物的颅面标志点。 矛盾矩阵用于识别可能的树结构以及当存在时的一些替代方案。 我们解释了如何发现树中的主要结构化特征。 第二组包括100个星系的样本。 在第二个例子中，展示了如何在不破坏潜在树结构的情况下对描述星系物理属性的连续变量进行离散化。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We describe the conditions under which a set of continuous variables or characters can be described as an X-tree or a split network. A distance matrix corresponds exactly to a split network or a valued X-tree if, after ordering of the taxa, the variables values can be embedded into a function with at most a local maxima and a local minima, and crossing any horizontal line at most twice. In real applications, the order of the taxa best satisfying the above conditions can be obtained using the Minimum Contradiction method. This approach is applied to 2 sets of continuous characters. The first set corresponds to craniofacial landmarks in Hominids. The contradiction matrix is used to identify possible tree structures and some alternatives when they exist. We explain how to discover the main structuring characters in a tree. The second set consists of a sample of 100 galaxies. In that second example one shows how to discretize the continuous variables describing physical properties of the galaxies without disrupting the underlying tree structure.