标题： 双模人工耳蜗使用者的大脑皮层时间不匹配补偿：选择性注意解码和瞳孔测量研究 显示英文标题

标题： Cortical Temporal Mismatch Compensation in Bimodal Cochlear Implant Users: Selective Attention Decoding and Pupillometry Study

摘要： 双模态刺激，结合人工耳蜗（CI）和对侧耳朵的声输入，通常能增强言语感知，但由于时间不匹配等因素而有所不同。 之前，我们利用皮层听觉诱发电位（CAEP）基于N1潜伏期差异来估计这种不匹配。 本研究在此基础上评估了时间不匹配补偿对言语感知的影响。 我们测试了三组双模态CI使用者：临床组、补偿时间不匹配组以及50毫秒的时间不匹配组。 测量指标包括言语理解、瞳孔测量、CAEP、选择性注意解码和顶叶阿尔法功率。 尽管在不同条件下言语理解保持稳定，但神经测量显示出更强的效果。 CAEP N1P2振幅在补偿条件下最高。 相位锁定值（PLV）和选择性注意解码有所改善，但未达到显著水平。 在50毫秒的时间不匹配下，顶叶阿尔法功率增加，表明认知资源分配。 瞳孔测量与言语理解相关，但表现出有限的敏感性。 研究结果强调，神经测量指标比行为测试更能检测到耳间不匹配。 虽然CAEP N1P2振幅在补偿后有显著提高，但其他神经测量指标效果有限，这表明需要结合时间补偿和频谱补偿策略。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Bimodal stimulation, combining cochlear implant (CI) and acoustic input from the opposite ear, typically enhances speech perception but varies due to factors like temporal mismatch. Previously, we used cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) to estimate this mismatch based on N1 latency differences. This study expands on that by assessing the impact of temporal mismatch compensation on speech perception. We tested bimodal CI users in three conditions: clinical, compensated temporal mismatch, and a 50 ms mismatch. Measures included speech understanding, pupillometry, CAEPs, selective attention decoding, and parietal alpha power. Despite stable speech understanding across conditions, neural measures showed stronger effects. CAEP N1P2 amplitudes were highest in the compensated condition. Phase-locking value (PLV) and selective attention decoding improved but lacked significance. Parietal alpha power increased under 50 ms mismatch, suggesting cognitive resource allocation. Pupillometry correlated with speech understanding but showed limited sensitivity. Findings highlight that neural metrics are more sensitive than behavioral tests for detecting interaural mismatch. While CAEP N1P2 amplitudes significantly improved with compensation, other neural measures showed limited effects, suggesting the need for combined temporal and spectral compensation strategies.