标题： 哈代检验与CHSH检验的量子非定域性比较：基本与实际方面 显示英文标题

标题： Hardy's Test versus the CHSH Test of Quantum Non-Locality: Fundamental and Practical Aspects

摘要： 我们比较了两种不同的量子非定域性测试，从理论角度和可能在介观电路中的实现角度进行比较：Hardy测试[Hardy, Phys. Rev. Lett.\textbf{68}, 2981 (1992)] 和 CHSH 测试，后者包括一个最近发现的适用于三种可能结果实验的相关不等式 [Collins 和 Gisin, J. Phys. A\textbf{37}, 1775 (2004)]。 我们阐明了由 Hardy 方程定义的相关性的几何结构相对于因果相关性的多面体，并表明如果需要考虑设置中的微小缺陷，这些方程可以推广为 CHSH 不等式。 我们提出了一种介观电路，由霍尔条形系统中的两个相互作用的迈克尔逊-泽纳德尔干涉仪组成，通过简单的栅极电压变化即可实现 Hardy 测试和 CHSH 测试，并评估在实验参数波动情况下的两种测试的鲁棒性。 该提出的装置非常稳健，在光束分束器角度或相位波动达到约一弧度，或单粒子损失率高达约 15% 的情况下应能正常工作。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We compare two different tests of quantum non-locality, both in theoretical terms and with respect to a possible implementation in a mesoscopic circuit: Hardy's test [Hardy, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{68}, 2981 (1992)] and the CHSH test, the latter including a recently discovered inequality relevant for experiments with three possible outcomes [Collins and Gisin, J. Phys. A \textbf{37}, 1775 (2004)]. We clarify the geometry of the correlations defined by Hardy's equations with respect to the polytope of causal correlations, and show that these equations generalize to the CHSH inequality if the slightest imperfections in the setup need to be taken into account. We propose a mesoscopic circuit consisting of two interacting Mach-Zehnder interferometers in a Hall bar system for which both Hardy's test and the CHSH test can be realized with a simple change of gate voltages, and evaluate the robustness of the two tests in the case of fluctuating experimental parameters. The proposed setup is remarkably robust and should work for fluctuations of beam splitter angles or phases up to the order of one radian, or single particle loss rates up to about 15%.