标题： 一种系统发生树的随机模型 显示英文标题

标题： A stochastic model for phylogenetic trees

摘要： 我们提出了一个用于系统发育树的简单随机模型。新类型根据出生和死亡链产生和消失。每次出生时，将从固定分布中采样一个适应度分配给新类型。每次死亡时，适应度最小的类型被杀死。我们证明，如果出生率（即突变率）是亚临界的，我们得到的系统发育树与流感树一致（在任何给定时间只有少数类型，且有一个主导类型持续很长时间）。当出生率是超临界的，我们得到的系统发育树与HIV树一致（在任何给定时间有多种类型，但没有一种类型持续很长时间）。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We propose the following simple stochastic model for phylogenetic trees. New types are born and die according to a birth and death chain. At each birth we associate a fitness to the new type sampled from a fixed distribution. At each death the type with the smallest fitness is killed. We show that if the birth (i.e. mutation) rate is subcritical we get a phylogenetic tree consistent with an influenza tree (few types at any given time and one dominating type lasting a long time). When the birth rate is supercritical we get a phylogenetic tree consistent with an HIV tree (many types at any given time, none lasting very long).