标题： 太阳周期中耀斑和太阳黑子的统计特性 显示英文标题

标题： Statistical properties of flares and sunspots over the solar cycle

摘要： 本文综述了关于太阳活动指数的统计研究结果。 第23个周期的长期极小期引发了对第23个周期特性的质疑。 最重要的太阳活动指数是相对黑子数，尽管大多数其他指数紧密相关，但它们的峰值活动之间存在1到2年的位移。 这些位移揭示了一个22年的模式，该模式可以归因于太阳内部或与发电机相关的过程。 未发现第23个周期的极小期具有特殊性。 通过对过去150年的相对黑子数进行研究，观察到具有更长极小期的太阳周期。 自1920年以来，太阳活动相当高（“现代极大”），第23个周期可能是这一阶段结束的先兆。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The present paper reviews results derived from statistical studies on solar activity indices. The prolonged minimum phase of cycle 23 raised the question of peculiarities inherent in cycle 23. The most important solar activity index is the relative sunspot number and though most of other indices are closely related, shifts are obtained between their peak activity of the order of 1-2 years. These shifts reveal a 22-yr pattern which can be attributed to solar interior or dynamo related processes. The minimum phase of cycle 23 is not found to be exceptional. Investigating the relative sunspot numbers over the past 150 years, solar cycles of more prolonged minima are observed. Since 1920 solar activity is quite high ('modern maximum') and cycle 23 might be the herald of the end of this phase.