标题： 核心坍缩超新星的机制与CHIMERA代码的模拟结果 显示英文标题

标题： Mechanisms of Core-Collapse Supernovae & Simulation Results from the CHIMERA Code

摘要： 解开核心坍缩超新星爆炸的机制是一个突出的计算挑战，尽管经过了四十多年的努力，这个问题仍然基本上未被解决。 然而，由于多太拉弗拉普机器的可用性和超新星代码的日益复杂，最近在现实建模方面取得了很大进展。 这些改进已经带来了一些关键见解，可能在不久的将来澄清这一图景。 在这里，我们简要回顾目前正在进行积极研究的三种爆炸机制（声学、磁流体动力学和中微子加热）的现状，重点介绍中微子加热机制，因为这是最有可能导致质量范围约10至25个太阳质量的前身星产生爆炸的机制。 然后，我们简要描述CHIMERA代码，这是一个我们开发的超新星代码，用于在1、2和3个空间维度中模拟核心坍缩超新星。 最后，我们描述了一套正在进行的二维模拟的结果，这些模拟从12、15、20和25个太阳质量的前身星开始。 这些模拟都表现出爆炸，并且目前处于膨胀阶段，冲击波位于5000到10000公里之间。 我们最后简要描述了一个从15个太阳质量的前身星开始的三维空间模拟。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Unraveling the mechanism for core-collapse supernova explosions is an outstanding computational challenge and the problem remains essentially unsolved despite more than four decades of effort. However, much progress in realistic modeling has occurred recently through the availability of multi-teraflop machines and the increasing sophistication of supernova codes. These improvements have led to some key insights which may clarify the picture in the not too distant future. Here we briefly review the current status of the three explosion mechanisms (acoustic, MHD, and neutrino heating) that are currently under active investigation, concentrating on the neutrino heating mechanism as the one most likely responsible for producing explosions from progenitors in the mass range ~10 to ~25 solar masses. We then briefly describe the CHIMERA code, a supernova code we have developed to simulate core-collapse supernovae in 1, 2, and 3 spatial dimensions. We finally describe the results of an ongoing suite of 2D simulations initiated from a 12, 15, 20, and 25 solar mass progenitor. These have all exhibited explosions and are currently in the expanding phase with the shock at between 5,000 and 10,000 km. We finally very briefly describe an ongoing simulation in 3 spatial dimensions initiated from the 15 solar mass progenitor.