标题： 宇宙磁场：从恒星和星系到原初宇宙 显示英文标题

标题： Cosmic Magnetic Fields: from Stars and Galaxies to the Primordial Universe

摘要： 宇宙中的大部分重子物质都弥漫着磁场，这些磁场影响着许多，如果不是大多数的话，天体物理现象，无论是紧凑的源还是弥散气体中都存在这种影响。 近年来，世界各地对天体物理磁场、它们的起源以及它们对天体物理对象（恒星、星系、冷却流）的形成和演化的影响的兴趣激增。 这种日益增长的兴趣部分是因为现在有可能追踪银河系的大范围内的分子云中的磁场，并且可以研究河外磁场，包括星系团中的磁场。 通过各种技术的结合，例如塞曼效应和法拉第旋转测量与同步加速器和对齐颗粒偏振测量相结合，现在可以进行定量的观测研究磁场，其结果可以与高分辨率发电机和MHD湍流模拟进行比较。 这使该领域进入了一个新的阶段。 在这篇文章中，我将从理论和观测的角度简要回顾宇宙磁场的重要性，重点放在它们在恒星和致密天体、星际介质和恒星形成区以及星系、星系团和早期宇宙中的作用。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Most of the baryonic matter in the Universe is permeated by magnetic fields which affect many, if not most, of astrophysical phenomena both, in compact sources and in diffuse gas. Recent years have been marked by a worldwide surge of interest in the astrophysical magnetic fields, their origin, and their influence on the formation and evolution of astrophysical objects (stars, galaxies, cooling flows). This growing interest is in part due to the fact that it has become possible to trace magnetic fields in molecular clouds, over vast extensions of the Milky Way and to study extragalactic magnetic fields, including fields in clusters of galaxies. With the combination of various techniques, such as Zeeman and Faraday rotation measurements with synchrotron and aligned grain polarimetry, it is now possible to undertake quantitative observational studies of magnetic fields, the results of which can be compared with high resolution dynamo and MHD turbulence simulations. This brings the field to a new stage. In this paper, I will briefly review the importance of the cosmic magnetic fields both from a theoretical and from an observational perspective, focusing on their role in stellar and compact objects, in the interstellar medium and star formation regions, and in galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and the primordial Universe.