标题： Tully-Fisher 关系的层次构建 显示英文标题

标题： The hierarchical build-up of the Tully-Fisher relation

摘要： 我们利用半解析模型GalICS预测了B波段、I波段以及首次在K波段的Tully-Fisher关系及其随红移的演化，直到z~1。 我们改进了盘星系旋转速度的确定方法，采用了旋转曲线的动力学公式，而不是简单地从总质量到最大速度的转换。 新的公式考虑了盘面形状因子以及在恒星形成过程中发生的角动量转移，这些过程导致了凸起的形成。 这使得模型的旋转速度比大多数螺旋星系低约20-25%。 我们引入了包含完全处理TP-AGB的恒星群体模型，这导致了近红外光度质量比的修订。 在红移z=0时，I/K波段的光度增加了约0.3/0.5个星等，在z=3时增加了约0.5/1个星等。 有了这两个新的公式，红移在0到1之间的光学和近红外一系列数据集与预测的Tully-Fisher关系的比较被用作诊断模型中螺旋星系的组装和演化。 在0.4<z<1.2之间，新模型与数据的匹配非常出色，尤其是在较晚类型的螺旋星系（Sb/Sc）中。 在z=0时，新模型相对于2003年的原始版本显示出显著改善，并且与近期K波段观测结果一致，模型的Tully-Fisher关系也显示出形态上的分化。 然而，在所有波段，z=0的模型Tully-Fisher关系显得过于明亮。 我们认为这种行为是由低红移模型星系中不适当的恒星形成历史引起的。 由于持续的气体流入未能有效抑制，恒星形成速率下降得太慢。 对模型盘尺度长度的分析，与观测结果不符，暗示暗物质晕内盘形成建模中存在一些缺失的物理过程。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We use the semi-analytic model GalICS to predict the Tully-Fisher relation in the B, I and for the first time, in the K band, and its evolution with redshift, up to z~1. We refined the determination of the disk galaxies rotation velocity, with a dynamical recipe for the rotation curve, rather than a simple conversion from the total mass to maximum velocity. The new recipe takes into account the disk shape factor, and the angular momentum transfer occurring during secular evolution leading to the formation of bulges. This produces model rotation velocities that are lower by ~20-25% for the majority of the spirals. We implemented stellar population models with a complete treatment of the TP-AGB, which leads to a revision of the mass-to-light ratio in the near-IR. I/K band luminosities increase by ~0.3/0.5 mags at redshift z=0 and by ~0.5/1 mags at z=3. With these two new recipes in place, the comparison between the predicted Tully-Fisher relation with a series of datasets in the optical and near-IR, at redshifts between 0 and 1, is used as a diagnostics of the assembly and evolution of spiral galaxies in the model. At 0.4<z<1.2 the match between the new model and data is remarkably good, especially for later-type spirals (Sb/Sc). At z=0 the new model shows a net improvement in comparison with its original version of 2003, and in accord with recent observations in the K band, the model Tully-Fisher also shows a morphological differentiation. However, in all bands the z=0 model Tully-Fisher is too bright. We argue that this behaviour is caused by inadequate star formation histories in the model galaxies at low redshifts. The star-formation rate declines too slowly, due to continuous gas infall that is not efficiently suppressed. An analysis of the model disk scale lengths, at odds with observations, hints to some missing physics in the modeling of disk formation inside dark matter halos.