标题： 等离子体在磁场中膨胀的自相似解析模型 显示英文标题

标题： Self-similar analytical model of the plasma expansion in a magnetic field

摘要： 研究磁场中的热等离子体膨胀对于许多天体物理应用具有重要意义。 为了在实验室中观察这一过程，提出了一项实验，其中超短激光脉冲通过照射一个小目标产生高温等离子体。 本文提出了一个用于外部偶极子或均匀磁场中扩展等离子体云的分析模型。 该模型基于类似问题的自相似解，该问题涉及球形等离子体在没有周围磁场的真空中的突然膨胀。 对等离子体的膨胀特性以及磁场引起的减速进行了分析。 所得结果可用于处理实验和模拟数据，以及许多天体物理和实验室有意义的现象。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The study of hot plasma expansion in a magnetic field is of interest for many astrophysical applications. In order to observe this process in laboratory, an experiment is proposed in which an ultrashort laser pulse produces a high-temperature plasma by irradiation of a small target. In this paper an analytical model is proposed for an expanding plasma cloud in an external dipole or homogeneous magnetic field. The model is based on the self-similar solution of a similar problem which deals with sudden expansion of spherical plasma into a vacuum without ambient magnetic field. The expansion characteristics of the plasma and deceleration caused by the magnetic field are examined analytically. The results obtained can be used in treating experimental and simulation data, and many phenomena of astrophysical and laboratory significance.