标题： 非平衡定态在热力学周期性洛伦兹气体中的空间结构 显示英文标题

标题： Spatial Structure of Stationary Nonequilibrium States in the Thermostatted Periodic Lorentz Gas

摘要： 我们通过分析和数值方法研究了点粒子在一个二维周期性洛伦兹气体（西奈台球）中非平衡稳态（NESS）的空间结构。 粒子受到恒定的外部电场 E 以及高斯温控器的作用，该温控器保持速度 |v| 不变。 我们表明，尽管 SRB 测度具有奇异性，其在空间坐标上的投影是绝对连续的。 我们进一步表明，这些投影对于小的 E 满足线性响应定律。 其中一些投影通过数值计算得到。 我们将这些结果与那些将障碍物碰撞替换为随机碰撞的简单模型所得结果进行比较。指出了它们的相似之处和差异。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We investigate analytically and numerically the spatial structure of the non-equilibrium stationary states (NESS) of a point particle moving in a two dimensional periodic Lorentz gas (Sinai Billiard). The particle is subject to a constant external electric field E as well as a Gaussian thermostat which keeps the speed |v| constant. We show that despite the singular nature of the SRB measure its projections on the space coordinates are absolutely continuous. We further show that these projections satisfy linear response laws for small E. Some of them are computed numerically. We compare these results with those obtained from simple models in which the collisions with the obstacles are replaced by random collisions.Similarities and differences are noted.