标题： 用光成像电子量子运动 显示英文标题

标题： Imaging electronic quantum motion with light

摘要： 实时且在实空间中成像电子的量子运动对于理解分子中的键断裂与形成以及肽和生物系统中的电荷迁移至关重要。 瞬态成像技术可以探测这些系统中展开的电子运动。 我们发现，通过X射线瞬态成像从电子波包获得的散射图案编码了空间和时间的相关性，这些相关性与通常认为的关键探测量——即瞬时电子密度——存在显著差异。 令人惊讶的是，这些图案以一种不同寻常的方式展示了光的量子性质。 这种量子特性仅在非定态电子状态下变得至关重要，并对瞬态成像具有深远的影响。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Imaging the quantum motion of electrons not only in real-time, but also in real-space is essential to understand for example bond breaking and formation in molecules, and charge migration in peptides and biological systems. Time-resolved imaging interrogates the unfolding electronic motion in such systems. We find that scattering patterns, obtained by X-ray time-resolved imaging from an electronic wavepacket, encode spatial and temporal correlations that deviate substantially from the common notion of the instantaneous electronic density as the key quantity being probed. Surprisingly, the patterns provide an unusually visual manifestation of the quantum nature of light. This quantum nature becomes central only for non-stationary electronic states and has profound consequences for time-resolved imaging.