标题： 通过具有时滞的弱扩散耦合在生态系统中的同步现象 显示英文标题

标题： Synchronization in ecological systems by weak dispersal coupling with time delay

摘要： 种群生态学中最显著的时空模式之一是在广阔空间范围内波动的局部种群的同步性。 种群数量的同步性在与离散种群间扩散率相关的各种空间尺度上已被广泛观察到。 然而，同步性对异质景观中斑块间运动模式的依赖性却在很大程度上被忽视了。 在此，我们考虑通过弱扩散连接的两个捕食者-被捕食者群落之间的运动持续时间，以及其对种群同步性的影响。 更具体地说，我们引入了时间延迟的扩散，以纳入连续景观中离散种群之间的有限传输时间。 通过使用弱连接网络理论将系统简化为相位模型，发现时间延迟是决定相位锁定状态性质和稳定性的关键因素。 我们的分析预测了一般情况下稳定同步波动的增强收敛性，并且在存在延迟扩散的情况下，系统产生同相同步动态的能力会降低。 这些结果将延迟扩散引入为理解扩散时间在影响元群落动态中的重要性的一种工具。 它们进一步强调了景观和扩散模式对于预测弱耦合种群之间同步发生的起始的重要性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： One of the most salient spatio-temporal patterns in population ecology is the synchronization of fluctuating local populations across vast spatial extent. Synchronization of abundance has been widely observed across a range of spatial scales in relation to rate of dispersal among discrete populations. However, the dependence of synchrony on patterns of among-patch movement across heterogeneous landscapes has been largely ignored. Here we consider the duration of movement between two predator-prey communities connected by weak dispersal, and its effect on population synchrony. More specifically, we introduce time delayed dispersal to incorporate the finite transmission time between discrete populations across a continuous landscape. Reducing the system to a phase model using weakly connected network theory, it is found that the time delay is an important factor determining the nature and stability of phase-locked states. Our analysis predicts enhanced convergence to stable synchronous fluctuations in general, and a decreased ability of systems to produce in-phase synchronization dynamics in the presence of delayed dispersal. These results introduce delayed dispersal as a tool for understanding the importance of dispersal time across a landscape matrix in affecting metacommunity dynamics. They further highlight the importance of landscape and dispersal patterns for predicting the onset of synchrony between weakly-coupled populations.