标题： 弯曲时空中的局域热平衡与KMS态 显示英文标题

标题： Local Thermal Equilibrium and KMS states in Curved Spacetime

摘要： 以自由无质量且共形耦合的标量场为例，论证了在具有类时Killing场的弯曲时空量子场论中，参数 \beta >0 对应的KMS态（广义Gibbs系综）不一定拥有零定律意义上的明确温度。实际上，尽管这些态在第二定律的意义上是被动的，但它们并不总是处于局域热平衡（LTE）。讨论了一个表征具有尖锐局域温度的LTE态的标准。此外，提出了固定复合场的重整化自由度的方法，这些复合场作为“热观测值”，并引入了LTE态的热能的新定义。基于这些结果，在(反)de Sitter时空的KMS态中建立了局域温度与参数 \beta 之间的普遍关系。 显示英文摘要

摘要： On the example of a free massless and conformally coupled scalar field, it is argued that in quantum field theory in curved spacetimes with time-like Killing field, the corresponding KMS states (generalized Gibbs ensembles) at parameter \beta>0 need not possess a definite temperature in the sense of the zeroth law. In fact, these states, although passive in the sense of the second law, are not always in local thermal equilibrium (LTE). A criterion characterizing LTE states with sharp local temperature is discussed. Moreover, a proposal is made for fixing the renormalization freedom of composite fields which serve as "thermal observables" and a new definition of the thermal energy of LTE states is introduced. Based on these results a general relation between the local temperature and the parameter \beta\ is established for KMS states in (Anti) de Sitter spacetime.